Mimouna in Israel, 2024: A Glimpse of Brotherhood Amidst Turmoil

“In the month of Nissan, we were redeemed from Egypt.” This ancient saying, “B’Nissan nigalnu, v’b’Nissan atidim l’higael”—in the month of Nissan, we are destined to be redeemed in the future—captures the spirit of Mimouna. This celebration among Sephardi Jews and Hassidim marks the end of Passover with joy, food, and hope. However, this year, Mimouna carries a different weight. The ongoing turmoil in Israel serves as a much-needed reminder of brotherhood and symbolizes hope during challenging times.

What Mimouna Means Right Now

With the war that erupted on October 7 still ongoing, Mimouna has taken on a new, deeper meaning. It’s more than just a traditional celebration; it has become a beacon of hope, a reminder that we are constantly striving for a better, more peaceful world. We look to the prophets who spoke of a future where “the lion will lie down with the lamb,” envisioning a time when instruments of war become tools for healing and growth.

This year, gathering for Mimouna carries a heavy weight. The violent events of October 7, 2023, when Hamas invaded Israel and innocent lives were lost, still linger in our minds. The impact of that day wasn’t just local; it sent shockwaves worldwide. Protests erupted globally, some expressing support for Palestinians, but others crossed into dangerous territory—fueling antisemitism rather than encouraging dialogue and understanding. Whether at McGill University in Canada, the Sorbonne in France, or significant U.S. campuses like Columbia and Stanford, these protests sometimes felt like an attack on all Jews and, frankly, on anyone who wants a world free from hate and violence. Navigating this landscape can be challenging, especially in an increasingly divided world.

Yet, amidst all this, I feel a profound sense of pride and inspiration in the resilience of the Jewish people—both in Israel and around the world. There is a determination to hold on to hope and to believe that peace and justice are still possible. Mimouna embodies this spirit of resilience and this refusal to give in to despair. It’s a celebration of life and an unwavering belief in a better future.

From Miracles to Our Responsibility

Jewish tradition speaks of a peaceful future and teaches us not to rely solely on miracles. This principle is evident throughout our teachings. While we might believe in divine intervention, we must take action instead of waiting for change.

Rabbi Yitz Greenberg beautifully encapsulates this sentiment:

“The Bible’s ultimate process is a movement away from visible miracles and public (heavenly) revelation toward a process of education and persuasion to get people to act properly. Increasingly, the historical outcomes are dependent on human behavior and the equilibrium of forces rather than on divine intervention. By the time we reach the Talmud, the Rabbis tell us that the age of prophecy (direct messages from Heaven) and of visible miracles is over. Such miracles are too ‘coercive.’ God wants humans to use their reason and emotions and choose to do the right thing out of free will and choice.” (Rabbi Yitz Greenberg essay: Do Not Rely on a Miracle: Parshat Beshallach 5781)

As I sit here tonight, surrounded by family and friends, I realize how much these ancient lessons still speak to us today. The world may be divided, but it’s our responsibility to bridge those divides. I’m reminded of Rabbi Akiva’s timeless wisdom:

“Do not do to your neighbour what you would not have done to yourself.”

In today’s fractured world, these words resonate more than ever, encouraging empathy and understanding across communities.

Why Mimouna Matters

So, tonight, as we enjoy the sweets and warmth of Mimouna, let’s take a moment to reflect on what it represents—a call for hope, unity, and action. This celebration isn’t just about dreaming of a better world; it’s about committing to making it happen. Mimouna inspires us to work towards a future where freedom, justice, and peace aren’t just ideals but everyday realities.

As we gather tonight, let’s remember that the future is ours to shape. It’s not just up to leaders or nations; it’s up to you and me. May we find the strength, the courage, and the will to build the world we dream of—a world of peace, brotherhood, and lasting redemption.


Footnotes:

  1. Gil-White, Francisco, et al. “Geopolitical and Historical Insights on Jews, Israel and the Battle Against Antisemitism.” Geopolitical and Historical Insights on Jews, Israel and the Battle Against Antisemitism.
  2. Greenberg, Yitz. “Do Not Rely on a Miracle: Parshat Beshallach 5781.” Hadar.org, https://www.hadar.org/torah-tefillah/resources/do-not-rely-miracle.

Tradition and Hope: Passover in Uncertain Times

As I gathered with my family for this year’s Passover Seder, the weight of our shared history felt particularly heavy. The Haggadah’s refrain, “In every generation, they rise against us, to annihilate us, but the Holy One, Blessed Be, saves us from their hand,” resonated more deeply than ever.

My nephew, Rabbi Yair Silverman, highlighted another crucial aspect: “In every generation, one is obligated to see himself as though he, personally, had come out of Egypt.” For my parents, Holocaust survivors from Hungary, this sentiment was a constant presence. Today, I reflect on how our current uncertainties—our conflicts, our struggles for safety—might be our generation’s “narrow straits”—our Mitzrayim.

In Israel, Passover transcends being merely a holiday; it becomes a collective experience. Nearly all Jewish Israelis—95%—scrub their homes of hametz (leavened bread) and unite for a Seder, regardless of their level of religious observance. This shared ritual is a testament to our common heritage, much like the 97% who uphold the practice of circumcising newborn boys. These traditions are not just religious observances; they are reminders of our collective identity in the face of changing times.

Observance and Celebration

At the heart of the Seder is the retelling of our story—our escape from Egyptian slavery. We savour symbolic foods: matza, the unleavened bread, and bitter herbs, or maror, representing both our suffering and our liberation.

Passover spans seven days (eight outside Israel) and begins and ends with days akin to the Sabbath. Work halts, schools close, and shops shut their doors. The intermediate days are semi-festive; while many shops and eateries stay open, schools and workplaces often pause. This period becomes a time for leisure and connection, with families venturing into the countryside, visiting museums, and enjoying complimentary attractions.

Traditionally, my family would escape to the Dead Sea or Northern Galilee during this time. However, just as every generation has challenges, this year was different. Amid the ongoing conflict with Hamas and Hezbollah, safety concerns prompted us to stay closer to home. Instead, we spent a few days by the Tel Aviv beach, where we encountered displaced families whose struggles are often overshadowed by the broader narrative.

Life Amidst Conflict

Despite the turmoil, life on Tel Aviv’s beaches carried on. People walked, jogged, and enjoyed the sea. Families played in the sand, couples strolled hand in hand, and children laughed in the waves. This scene served as a reminder that life and resilience continue, even in the face of persistent threats.

Yet, the shadow looms large. Over 130 Israeli citizens remain captive in Gaza’s underground tunnels—a grim reminder of the high stakes we face. As a nation, we continue to pray for their release and peace. While the threat of terrorism is ever-present, so is our unwavering belief in Israel’s future.

Ancient Prophecies and Contemporary Realities

In uncertain times, many people find comfort in ancient wisdom. Recently, I came across a video circulating on social media that featured a Talmudic passage predicting a future where world leaders would be in conflict, often with Israel caught in the middle. Yet, the video also conveyed a hopeful vision of Israel’s redemption—free from suffering and turmoil. This perspective inspired me, suggesting that even amid the chaos, a greater plan might unfold.

As Israel continues to be a major topic in global conversations, we have a unique opportunity to promote messages of peace and unity. These ancient prophecies remind us that our stories are interconnected, regardless of our backgrounds. I hope for a day when those visions become a reality—when peace prevails and nations unite in harmony. It’s a dream we can all share.

The Weight of a Simple Question

As we navigate these uncertain times, one question captures the collective mood with striking clarity. For a glimpse into how the everyday mood in Israel has been shaped by current events, a passage from a Times of Israel article sums it up nicely:

“As we approach the seder, the night of many questions, I am struck by the one question that has haunted the last six months. It has choked us for air, narrowed the passage of the esophagus, magnified the racing beats of the heart, made the dreaded lump of the gut ever heavier and left the most articulate dumbfounded. A simple question. A frequent and ordinary one. Suddenly unbearable.

‘How are you?’

In Israel, this baseline greeting of civil society has become the mourner’s mirror, frightful to look into. When trying for an authentic answer, one is left to confront themselves, as with the forceful wet slap of a wave that unsettles the balance of our precarious footing.

With the shock and trauma of grief, horror of the unknown, and fear of what is yet to come, one popular response has emerged. The beloved poet Haim Gouri, depicting the challenges of social etiquette during an entirely different time in his poem Bakasha- Request ‘שלומי כשלום עמי’ ‘I am as my nation is.’ This reply deflects but also expresses the challenges of the moment from within an awareness of our social context. The blurred borders of our personal and communal identities at once horrify and console. I feel as my neighbor and nation feels. As such, I am not alone.”

Ancient texts continue to speak to us, especially in times like these. They remind us that despite the turmoil, we are part of a larger narrative—guided by divine providence and carrying an enduring destiny for the Jewish people. As the world focuses on Israel, we bear the responsibility to share our timeless message of peace and unity.

Ultimately, the fulfillment of these ancient prophecies is within our grasp. We must nurture hope and strive for a future where peace takes root and nations turn their weapons into tools for growth and brotherhood. Until that day arrives, we hold fast to our traditions and draw strength from our resilience, trusting that together, we will navigate these uncertain times and emerge stronger.

 

Passover: Freedom, Tradition, and Matzah

Every year, as I gather around the Seder table with my family, I’m transported to a space rich with history and meaning. The matzah we eat during Passover is more than a symbol of freedom—it’s a tangible link to our past, reminding us of our liberation from Egyptian bondage.

“Ha lahma anya di achlu avhatana b’ara d’mitzrayim Kol dihfin yeteh ve yehchol Kol ditzrich yehteh veyifsach: Hashatah hacha Leshana haba, b’ara d’Yisrael! Hashana avdeh Leshana haba, bnei horin!”¹

“This is the bread of affliction, the poor bread our ancestors ate in Egypt. Let all who are hungry come and eat. Let all who are in want share this bread. As we celebrate here, we join with our people everywhere. This year, we celebrate here—next year, in the land of Israel. Now, we are still in bonds. Next year may we all be free.”

These words, echoing through the years, encapsulate the essence of Passover. Rabbi Jonathan Sacks beautifully describes matzah as both the simple food of enslaved people and the bread that the Israelites ate in their hasty departure from Egypt. It serves as a powerful reminder of our journey from bondage to freedom.

Beyond its historical significance, it’s essential to recognize that matzah represents more than just a historical artifact. It symbolizes our ongoing quest for freedom and redemption. I often reflect on how this humble bread, with its seemingly mundane preparation—flour and water mixed and baked within 18 minutes—carries profound significance. Matzah represents the foundation of a stable society, the first step toward freedom and ultimate redemption.

In today’s world, this reflection on freedom takes on new dimensions. Sitting at the Seder table, I’m reminded of global struggles, such as the recent attacks on Ukraine. This contemporary context underscores the importance of recounting our ancestors’ journey and renewing our commitment to freedom, compassion, and solidarity.

Passover invites us to reflect on different kinds of freedom. President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s² vision of freedom—speech, worship, want, and fear—intersects with Rabbi Meir Soloveichik’s³ perspectives from the Seder:

  • Freedom of Children: The Seder engages children, emphasizing their role in carrying forward our traditions.
  • Freedom of Intergenerational Continuity: Our obligation to recount Jewish history ensures our traditions endure.
  • Freedom of Time: Control over one’s time, mirrored in the Jewish calendar, is a hallmark of freedom.
  • Freedom of the Law: The Torah provides a foundation for true independence and redemption.

Reflecting on Moses’ story, his frustration and doubt, as expressed in the Torah, resonate deeply with me:

“Moses returned to the Lord and said, ‘O Lord! Why have You harmed these people? Why have You sent me? Since I have come to Pharaoh to speak in Your name. He has harmed these people, and You have not saved Your people.'”⁴

Even the most outstanding leaders faced moments of doubt and struggle. This personal connection to the themes of struggle and perseverance invites us to consider how these themes play out in our lives. How does the story of Passover inspire you to reflect on your journey toward freedom and redemption?

As we gather for Seder this year, let’s remember our past while reflecting on our present and future. How can we carry the lessons of Passover into our daily lives and communities? Let’s stand together in the ongoing quest for liberation, embracing our shared history and hope for a brighter future.


FOOTNOTES:

  1. Torah, Jewish Bible. Exodus 12:2.
  2. FDR and the Four Freedoms Speech. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, www.fdrlibrary.org/four-freedoms. Accessed [Date].
  3. Soloveichik, Rabbi Meir. Sacred Time, episode 9: “Passover – The Four Freedoms.” Shalom Hartman Institute, 2023, https://www.hartman.org.il/sacred-time-episode-9-passover-the-four-freedoms/.
  4. Torah, Jewish Bible. Exodus 5:22-23.

Living with the Julian and Jewish Calendars

Living with two calendars, the Julian and Jewish, is a testament to the rich tapestry of cultural and historical influences that shape the human experience. The Julian calendar, originating in Roman governance, provides a global standard for secular timekeeping. In contrast, the Hebrew calendar offers a distinctly Jewish perspective rooted in ancient traditions. These calendars operate on different principles—one solar and the other lunar—that intersect and diverge, reflecting the complexities of navigating identity, heritage, and time. By exploring the coexistence of these calendars, we can appreciate the diversity of human civilization and how deeply time influences our lives.

Julian Calendar: Universal Standard

The Julian calendar was created by Julius Caesar in 45 BCE to establish a standardized system. Before its introduction, regional calendars were determined by Rome’s political leaders, resulting in a need for global synchronization. The Julian calendar aimed to address this issue by providing a universally applicable framework. Initially adopted by the Roman Empire, it eventually gained acceptance worldwide, significantly influencing how we currently understand and organize our time.

Hebrew Calendar: Ancient Traditions

In contrast, the Jewish calendar traces its origins back to Moses, as outlined in the Torah, during the Jewish community’s time in Egypt. Rooted in lunar cycles, this calendar continues to serve as the guiding framework for the Jewish year, maintaining its influence over time.

“The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt: This month shall mark for you the beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year for you.” (Exodus 12:2)

According to the Jewish historical timeline, this specific date corresponds to 2448 on the Jewish calendar or 1313 BCE. Much like the Julian calendar, the Jewish calendar is attuned to the natural seasons, serving as a reliable reference for agricultural events, holidays, and commemorations. This alignment facilitates the coordination of plantings and harvests with various pilgrimage holidays, including Passover, Sukkot, Shavuot, and other significant dates.

Multiple New Year Celebrations

The Jewish calendar includes four New Year celebrations, each with a specific purpose. This is similar to the multiple New Year designations in the modern American calendar, such as the traditional New Year on January 1st, a tax-related New Year, the government’s fiscal New Year in October, and the beginning of the public school year in September.

The first New Year falls on the first day of Nissan, which is in the spring. This New Year is linked to the Passover holiday, symbolizing Israel’s liberation from Egyptian slavery.

The second New Year occurs in Elul, the sixth lunar month after Passover, usually in late summer. It focuses on economic matters such as animal and vegetable tithes and marks the start of the Sabbatical year (7th) and the Jubilee year (50th). While these practices may hold limited contemporary significance, they are still documented by Rabbis and halachic authorities.

The third New Year is the first day of Tishrei, the seventh month, most commonly recognized as Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year.

Finally, the fourth New Year is Tu B’Shvat, observed on the fifteenth day of Shvat, which usually falls between January and February. Tu B’Shvat serves as the New Year for trees and is widely celebrated globally as a minor Jewish holiday. In Israel, it marks the onset of new sap and the blossoming of spring trees. The tradition of a Tu B’Shvat seder, introduced by the Kabbalists of Tzfat, pays homage to the seven species mentioned in the Torah and underscores ecological and agricultural sustainability.

Living with the Julian and Hebrew calendars invites us to appreciate diverse perspectives on time. Each calendar reflects unique values, from the significance of Jewish holidays to universal milestones. By celebrating these narratives, we gain a deeper understanding of identity and tradition. This duality reminds us that time is more than just days and years; it connects our stories from the past to our future.