This year, as snow blankets the streets of Montreal, I will celebrate Chanukah in my vibrant neighbourhood of Côte Saint-Luc. This corner of the city is home to a warm and close-knit Jewish community and my synagogue, which makes it the heart of my Chanukah experience.

The eight-day Jewish holiday of Chanukah begins on December 25 this year, coinciding with Christmas Day, a rare occurrence. This holiday offers a unique opportunity to reflect on the miracles and traditions that make it special and to consider how it compares to Christmas.

A Quick Overview of Chanukah

On December 25, Jews in Israel and worldwide will light the Chanukah celebration’s first candle, commemorating a historic victory. Chanukah marks the triumph of the Jewish people over the Greek Empire, which sought not to annihilate us but to suppress our traditions and impose Hellenistic culture. The decisive battle concluded on the 25th of Kislev in the Hebrew calendar. The word “Chanukah” originates from the Hebrew phrase “Hanu Kaf Heh,” meaning “they rested on the 25th.”

The wars of the Maccabees have always symbolized the victory of the weak over the strong. Chanukah also honours the miracle of the oil: a small flask of undefiled oil, which was enough to burn for only one day, miraculously lasted for eight days until a new supply could be prepared for the Menorah in the Holy Temple.

What Was the Miracle?

For centuries, rabbis have debated the question: If the oil would have lasted for one night anyway, the miracle then manifests only for seven nights. Why do we celebrate eight days rather than seven? There have been hundreds of responses to this question.

Some say that the very hunt for the oil and the refusal to use oil tainted by Pagan handling was one miracle that implied the continuity of our traditions.

Rabbi Meir Soloveitchik’s podcast offers another perspective. He describes the event as a “hinge moment” in world history. Alexander the Great sought to spread Hellenism, reshaping cultures under its influence. Without the determination of Judah the Maccabee and his family, Judaism might have faded away. Their victory preserved the faith and the concept of a singular G-d who advocates for justice and mercy. These ideas later influenced Christianity, Islam, democracy, and human rights, collectively forming the foundations of what we now know as Western Civilization.

The survival of Judaism through Judah’s leadership and battle strategies, impacted the moral framework of global civilization—a legacy explored in Rabbi Soloveitchik’s series.

The spiritual redemption emphasized by Chanukah is as significant as the physical redemption from slavery in Egypt that we celebrate during Passover, or the salvation from potential genocide in Persia commemorated during Purim and extends today to the ongoing challenges to Jewish survival in the Middle East. Currently, the spiritual revival resulting from the conflict in Israel has also materialized as soldiers, many not raised within our religious tradition, are requesting to wear tzitzit, the fringes prescribed by Jewish law. Additionally, they participate in communal prayers, even on the battlefields. Jewish congregations around the world continue to offer public prayers for the Israeli army and the release of all our hostages. This spiritual revival is just as meaningful as the remarkable physical victories of the Israeli military.

The Legacy of Victory

The spirit of resilience that defined the Maccabees is reflected in the Chanukah traditions that continue to inspire us today. Each year, I am reminded of this when I recall my childhood memories of singing “Mi Yemalel Gevurot Yisrael” at my elementary school’s Chanukah pageant. The song echoes in my mind:

“Mi Yemalel Gevurot Yisrael?”
Who will recount the mighty deeds of Israel?
“Hen b’chol dor yakum ha-gibor”
Indeed, in every generation, the hero shall arise!
“Goel ha’am”
The saviour of the nation!

The lyrics embody Chanukah’s timeless message: strength through faith and collective spirit. As we face challenges both near and far this year, the message of perseverance remains more relevant than ever. Just as the Maccabees stood firm against the oppression of Hellenism, Jewish communities today continue to stand resilient in the face of adversity.

Chanukah Traditions: Gifts, Games, and Food

The home is the primary setting for Chanukah celebrations. After sunset, we gather with loved ones to light the candles, recite the Chanukah blessings, sing songs, and partake in our cherished traditions. The menorah is placed in a window, or in Israel, outside the doorway in a glass-encased box to share the holiday’s miracles in the public square.

Foods of Chanukah

Not surprisingly, the culinary delights of Chanukah are centred around oily foods. In Israel, you’ll find a variety of fried donuts known as sufganiyot, while fried potato pancakes, or latkes, are a festive favourite outside of Israel. These dishes, cooked in oil, connect us to the miracle that the holiday commemorates.

Dreidel: A Game of Hope

The dreidel is a classic game played during Chanukah, symbolizing the reversals of fortune and the miracles that define the holiday. Each of its four sides features a Hebrew letter—נ (Nun), ג (Gimel), ה (Hei), and ש (Shin)—which together represent the phrase “Nes Gadol Haya Sham,” meaning “A great miracle happened there – sham.” In Israel, the final letter changes to פ (Peh), altering the phrase to “A great miracle happened here – po.”

Gifts and Togetherness

Another cherished tradition during Chanukah is giving gelt—either money or chocolate coins—to children. This symbolizes the values of sharing and gratitude. However, the true gift of Chanukah lies in the moments spent together: lighting candles, singing traditional songs, playing games, and reflecting on the holiday’s unique message of hope and resilience.

A Season of Miracles, Gratitude, Solidarity, and Acts of Kindness

This year, as Chanukah and Christmas coincide, we are reminded of the shared values that underpin these holidays: hope, faith, and the joy of giving. Chanukah celebrates the miracle of resilience and spiritual triumph, while Christmas centers on themes of light and renewal, commemorating the miracle of the birth of Jesus. Both holidays bring families together, inspire acts of kindness, and encourage reflection on the blessings in our lives.

As I prepare to light the Menorah in my Montreal home, I feel deep gratitude for the miracles of the past and the blessings of the present. Chanukah reminds us that even in the darkest times, the flame of faith can illuminate our path forward.

The overlap of Chanukah and Christmas presents a unique opportunity to appreciate each other’s traditions. The warm glow of the Menorah and the Christmas lights adorning homes worldwide symbolize our universal longing for peace, unity, and hope. As we light the Menorah this year, let us celebrate the perseverance and commitment of the Jewish people and all peoples for physical and spiritual survival.

May this Chanukah serve as a time for reflection and action. Amid the joy of celebration, extending our hands to those in need is important. Small acts of kindness—whether through donations, volunteer work, or simply helping a neighbour—can amplify the holiday’s message of hope and shared community and improve all of our lives.

May we all find inspiration in the enduring spirit of Chanukah and Christmas during this holiday. Whether in Montreal, Jerusalem, or anywhere else you may be, I hope you will join me in celebrating the miracles, traditions, and joys that make this time so special.

Happy Chanukah, Merry Christmas, or Happy Holidays—whatever or wherever you celebrate may joy fill the world and peace reign in our hearts and across all lands.

May all wars end in peaceful coexistence and may all our hostages be returned from darkness to light, to the bosom of their families

As the Hebrew month of Elul unfolds, a familiar sense of anticipation fills the air, signalling a sacred time for introspection and preparation for the High Holy Days—Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. We recite a powerful line from our prayer book every year: “B’rosh Hashanah yikatevu uv’yom tzom Kippur yehatemun.” This means, “On Rosh Hashanah, it is written down in the Big Book, and on Yom Kippur, it is sealed by G-d.” I’ve known this rhythm all my life, but it wasn’t until this year that I began to grasp its profound significance.

This process took on new meaning for me after listening to Rabbi YY Jacobson’s lecture, “The Courage to Birth Yourself: The True Meaning of Judgment Day.” Rabbi Jacobson’s insights reveal a loving G-d who allows us to fulfill our potential—a concept I had only superficially understood until now. He explained, “When a loving G-d, who knows you completely and has the best possible vision for your life, gives you the chance to do the work required to fulfill your potential, this is a great gift!”¹ His understanding of the judgment process, grounded in G-d’s compassion for humanity, offered a perspective that felt both meaningful and insightful.

The day before, I attended a Yishai Rebo concert in Jerusalem, where his song “My Heart” (Halev Sheli) echoed the sentiments of Rabbi Jacobson’s teachings. The lyrics spoke of deep understanding and healing, echoing our struggles: “Only You (G-d) are able to understand how to reach my heart, the darkness of my pain, and only You can heal my heart.” This connection between the heart and the divine felt natural as if the universe was nudging me to pay attention.

As I committed to attending weekly Sabbath services this year, I began to see how the month of Elul prepares us for the transformative experience of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. It’s a journey that starts each summer after Tisha B’Av and continues until the last day of Sukkot, known as Simchat Torah. During this time, Jews gather to read the Book of Deuteronomy—Sefer Devarim—during the weekly Sabbath prayer service. This book, often called “Mishne Torah,” meaning “A Review of the Torah,” holds Moses’ heartfelt farewell to the people, imparting lessons that resonate just as strongly today.

Moses recounts the incredible journey of the People of Israel: their miraculous escape from slavery in Egypt, the reception of the Torah at Mount Sinai, and their forty years of wandering in the desert before entering the Land of Canaan, the territory we now know as the State of Israel. However, numerous laws and commandments are interwoven within this grand narrative, including seemingly mundane regulations, like the instruction to send away a mother bird before taking her eggs. I often wondered why these laws exist here.

Immanuel Shalev of Aleph Beta sheds light on this in an animated video, Is There Spiritual Guidance Within Our Legal System? The Hidden Meaning Behind the List of Laws in Deuteronomy. He explains that each law derives from one of the Ten Commandments in the Book of Exodus, reflecting the core values of our Jewish identity. For example, the requirement for two witnesses to convict someone of a crime reinforces the ninth commandment: “You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.” The Torah calls for a just legal system—“Justice, justice, shall you pursue.”²

Beyond mere rules, these commandments articulate moral values that demand empathy and sensitivity toward others, even in the smallest actions. The law regarding the mother bird reminds us to honour motherhood, as stated in the fifth commandment: “Honor your mother and your father.” Shalev wisely notes, “Any people that lose the capacity for empathy will deteriorate into a cursed existence.”

Though Moses never stepped foot in the Land of Israel, he provided us with these essential laws to guide our lives once we settled there. His teachings encompassed sustainable agriculture, care for the vulnerable, the widow, the orphan, the poor, and even laws of warfare, equipping the Jewish people with a moral compass through centuries of exile. This legacy allowed Jewish communities worldwide to thrive during centuries of exile from their promised land.

The dream of returning to Zion, the land of the Jews, is deeply embedded in our prophetic texts and was transformed into reality with the establishment of the State of Israel within our lifetime. This milestone, occurring just three short years after the horrors of World War II, allowed millions of Jews to return to their ancient homeland. From fewer than a million inhabitants in 1948, Israel has blossomed into a vibrant democracy with nearly ten million people today, known for its innovation and resilience.

The Jewish state has always sought peaceful coexistence rather than expansionism or expulsion. Today, approximately 20% of Israelis are non-Jews—Christians and Muslims who lived here long before the state was established and continue to live here as full-fledged citizens. If all the countries of the Middle East were to embrace this vision, the region could be transformed into a paradise of harmony. It is within our reach if certain nations abandon their culture of destruction and embrace the vision of “making love, not war.”

In every communal prayer service, Jews invoke peace for the world with the heartfelt plea: “May He who makes peace in the Heavens bring peace on Earth, and let us say Amen.” This prayer encapsulates our collective longing for a world where justice and peace prevail. When all nations recognize the importance of these values, we may finally glimpse the vision of harmonious coexistence—where “the lion will lie down with the lamb” (Isaiah 35:9).

“May it come speedily and in our time.” Amen.

Footnote:

1. Rosh Hashanah Women’s Class: If Rosh Hashanah or YK Trigger You, Listen to This.” The Yeshiva, 1 Sept. 2011, https://www.theyeshiva.net/jewish/item/9447/rosh-hashanah-womens-class-if-rosh-hashanah-or-yk-trigger-you-listen-to-this.
2. Shalev, Immanuel. “Is There Spiritual Guidance Within Our Legal System? The Hidden Meaning Behind the List of Laws in Deuteronomy.” Aleph Beta, 2024, https://alephbeta.org.

As the sun sets on the eve of Tisha B’Av, my heart feels the weight of this solemn day. Tisha B’Av resonates deeply with every Jew as we mourn the destruction of the two Temples in Jerusalem, the expulsion from Spain, and countless other tragedies, including the Holocaust. Now, as if history itself were repeating, Iran and Hezbollah have chosen this day to threaten Israel, using its significance to try to break our spirit.

This isn’t just a military threat; it’s psychological warfare aimed straight at our hearts, intended to fill us with fear and doubt. But as I reflect on this, I’m reminded of the story of David and Goliath. David, a young shepherd, stood before the giant Goliath with nothing but a slingshot, unafraid. While everyone else cowered in fear, David saw the giant for what he was—a bully he could defeat. And he did, with a single stone. The Talmud also teaches that the mightiest can be undone by the smallest. These stories remind us that even the smallest act of courage can make all the difference.

This year, I’m observing Tisha B’Av here in the Land of Israel—the place our ancestors longed for and the place I now call home. There’s something deeply profound about being in this land. Walking through the hills and valleys mentioned in our sacred texts makes the connection feel immediate and real. These are the same landscapes where David fought Goliath, Jeremiah, and Isaiah walked and prophesied. The words of our sacred texts, which we read year after year, take on a new resonance when you live where these events unfolded.

Last night, I attended a gathering at Rabbi Katz’s synagogue in Efrat. Despite the somberness of the day, the evening felt warm and comforting. We began with a light supper on the rooftop, sharing food and conversation. As the sky turned dusky pink over the hills of Judea, there was a sense of unity—a quiet strength from being together during these challenging times. Later, we moved inside for prayers, talks, and songs.

Hearing Rabbi David Aaron speak about the soul’s journey on Tisha B’Av gave me a new perspective on the day—not just as a time of mourning but as one of deep spiritual significance. Rabbi Dr. Yosef Bronstein then shared the Lubavitcher Rebbe’s view on Tisha B’Av, speaking about the seed of redemption found even in our deepest sorrow. It’s a powerful reminder that Tisha B’Av is not only about our losses but also about the hope we carry and the belief that we can and will rebuild from these ashes.

As we enter Tisha B’Av tonight, I hold onto that hope. Yes, the threats are real, and the pain of our history runs deep, but so does our resilience. Like David, we face our challenges with courage, knowing that sometimes the smallest, most unexpected actions can have the greatest impact. We are one people with one heart, and our unity is our greatest strength.

May this Tisha B’Av bring us closer to healing and redemption, and may we soon see the day when our mourning turns to joy.

I have become increasingly concerned about the role of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) in the ongoing Middle East conflict. Recent allegations regarding its potential alignment with Hamas have heightened my unease. This issue transcends politics; it has deep implications for peace in a region that has experienced significant hardship. It seems timely to reassess the agency’s future and its impact on the people it serves.

The Historical Context: UNHCR and UNRWA

Reflecting on my family’s journey to Canada, I am reminded of the different paths that could have shaped our lives. We arrived in 1951, fleeing a war-torn Europe that offered few prospects for Jews like us. By 1956, we had proudly become Canadian citizens. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), established shortly before our arrival, has a clear mission: to aid and protect refugees and forcibly displaced communities. It offers pathways—such as voluntary repatriation, local integration, or resettlement—enabling refugees to rebuild their lives with dignity.

As of June 2020, the UNHCR had resettled over 20 million refugees within two to three years of gaining refugee status, illustrating the effectiveness of its approach. In contrast, the experience of Palestinian refugees under UNRWA’s mandate presents a very different picture.

UNRWA: An Overview

UNRWA was established in 1949 by the UN General Assembly to provide relief to all refugees displaced by the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict, including both Jewish and Arab populations. However, over time, its focus has shifted exclusively to Palestinian Arab refugees. Unlike the UNHCR, which aims for resettlement and integration, UNRWA has maintained the “right of return” to Israel for Palestinian refugees, a sentiment passed down through generations. This unique definition of “refugee” includes descendants and those who have resettled or acquired citizenship in other countries.

Today, more than 5 million people are recognized as Palestinian refugees by UNRWA, many of whom assert a “right of return.” This ongoing demand complicates discussions about Israeli sovereignty and national identity. Additionally, the persistence of this issue contributes to the long-standing nature of the Israeli-Hamas conflict, especially in light of the recent increase in violence following October 7, 2023.

The Challenges with UNRWA

A significant issue with the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) is its unique status as the only UN agency dedicated solely to one group—Palestinian refugees—while other regions rely on the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for support. This distinction has led some Palestinians to maintain their refugee status for decades, even while living in different countries, raising important questions about identity and belonging.

UNRWA’s approach has kept Palestinian refugees in a prolonged state of uncertainty and dependency for over 75 years. This situation may foster resentment and hinder efforts toward reconciliation, as prolonged dependency can perpetuate a cycle of conflict and instability. Without viable pathways for resettlement or integration, both refugees and the broader region struggle to break free from this cycle, leaving many feeling trapped in a limbo of displacement.

Einat Wilf, addressing UN delegations, argues that UNRWA has contributed to the Palestinian vision of “return” to pre-1948 lands—a perspective that challenges the legitimacy of Israeli statehood. This alignment with the notion of return has led to associations between UNRWA and groups advocating for the destruction of Israel, complicating pathways to peace and raising concerns about the agency’s neutrality. The agency’s role in shaping identity and belonging narratives cannot be overlooked.

In Gaza, for instance, international aid intended for rebuilding schools, hospitals, and homes has been diverted. Resources meant for civilian welfare have been redirected by Hamas toward military objectives, such as training militias and constructing tunnels for warfare. This diversion not only exacerbates the suffering of ordinary people but also undermines efforts to achieve stability and security for all parties involved.

The situation surrounding UNRWA underscores the need for a nuanced understanding of the agency’s role in the Israeli-Hamas conflict. To move toward lasting peace and stability in the region, it is essential to find viable pathways for resettlement and integration and hold accountable those who misuse humanitarian aid.

Moving Forward

It is crucial to reevaluate UNRWA’s role. This is not about dismissing refugees’ needs or legitimate concerns; it’s about breaking a cycle that has kept them trapped in ongoing conflict. Updating objectives, implementing rigorous oversight, and transitioning UNRWA’s responsibilities to the UNHCR could provide a pathway for meaningful progress.

Canada is often celebrated as a beacon of diversity and acceptance, where different cultures, religions, and identities come together. However, recent events have raised troubling concerns about a rise in antisemitism and radical ideologies that may threaten our democratic values.

A Crisis That Hits Home

The news surrounding Birju Dattani, the former Chief Commissioner of the Canadian Human Rights Commission, underscores that antisemitism is not just a distant issue; it affects us all. Dattani’s antisemitic remarks and justification of terrorism are alarming, particularly coming from someone in such an influential role. Following public outcry, his demotion by Justice Minister Arif Virani highlights a need for accountability in our institutions. Yet, it prompts important questions about how someone with such views rose to a prominent position in the first place.

As a member of the Jewish community, I, too, feel uneasy. This situation reflects broader issues within our systems and raises concerns about aligning our values with our actions.

A Broader Threat

Recent incidents, such as the arrest of a father and son in the Greater Toronto Area for allegedly planning terror attacks inspired by ISIS, add to these concerns. This raises serious questions about our vetting processes and the potential for violence rooted in extremist ideologies. If a global figure like Taylor Swift isn’t safe due to threats, it makes us reflect on the safety of our own communities. Radical ideologies can transcend borders, impacting even the most stable societies.

Antisemitism: A Warning Sign

Antisemitism is often described as a “canary in the coal mine” for societal health. When hatred against Jews rises, it signals deeper societal issues that can affect everyone. In Canada, the increase in antisemitism indicates that extremist ideologies threaten our shared values. For many, including myself, this rise feels like a betrayal of the inclusive society Canada aims to embody.

Why We Need to Act

Fighting antisemitism is crucial not only for the Jewish community but for the integrity of our entire society. Allowing hatred and bigotry to go unchecked can undermine the very foundation of our democratic values.

To address these issues, we can:

• Educate and Advocate: Raise awareness about antisemitism and radical ideologies through discussions and workshops in schools, workplaces, and communities.
• Speak Out: Challenge antisemitic rhetoric and extremist ideas when encountered, as every voice matters in combating hate.
• Report Hate Crimes: Reporting incidents of hate is essential to addressing and reducing their occurrence.
• Support Victims: Offer emotional support to victims, attend solidarity events, and contribute to relevant causes.
• Build Community: Strengthen ties with interfaith and intercultural groups to collectively counter hate.
• Support Organizations: Organizations like the Canadian Antisemitism Education Foundation (CAEF) and the Simon Wiesenthal Center play vital roles and need our support.
• Push for Change: Advocate for policies that combat extremism and protect our shared values.

As Sam Harris recently emphasized, “Our democracy and the rule of law are only as strong as our commitment to defending them against all forms of hatred and extremism.”

A Personal Call to Action

I write this as a concerned citizen who cares deeply about the future of our country. We must all engage in the fight against antisemitism and radicalism. It’s a fight for our shared values and the society we wish to build. This is a battle we cannot afford to lose.

As I gathered with my family for this year’s Passover Seder, the weight of our shared history felt particularly heavy. The Haggadah’s refrain, “In every generation, they rise against us, to annihilate us, but the Holy One, Blessed Be, saves us from their hand,” resonated more deeply than ever.

My nephew, Rabbi Yair Silverman, highlighted another crucial aspect: “In every generation, one is obligated to see himself as though he, personally, had come out of Egypt.” For my parents, Holocaust survivors from Hungary, this sentiment was a constant presence. Today, I reflect on how our current uncertainties—our conflicts, our struggles for safety—might be our generation’s “narrow straits”—our Mitzrayim.

In Israel, Passover transcends being merely a holiday; it becomes a collective experience. Nearly all Jewish Israelis—95%—scrub their homes of hametz (leavened bread) and unite for a Seder, regardless of their level of religious observance. This shared ritual is a testament to our common heritage, much like the 97% who uphold the practice of circumcising newborn boys. These traditions are not just religious observances; they are reminders of our collective identity in the face of changing times.

Observance and Celebration

At the heart of the Seder is the retelling of our story—our escape from Egyptian slavery. We savour symbolic foods: matza, the unleavened bread, and bitter herbs, or maror, representing both our suffering and our liberation.

Passover spans seven days (eight outside Israel) and begins and ends with days akin to the Sabbath. Work halts, schools close, and shops shut their doors. The intermediate days are semi-festive; while many shops and eateries stay open, schools and workplaces often pause. This period becomes a time for leisure and connection, with families venturing into the countryside, visiting museums, and enjoying complimentary attractions.

Traditionally, my family would escape to the Dead Sea or Northern Galilee during this time. However, just as every generation has challenges, this year was different. Amid the ongoing conflict with Hamas and Hezbollah, safety concerns prompted us to stay closer to home. Instead, we spent a few days by the Tel Aviv beach, where we encountered displaced families whose struggles are often overshadowed by the broader narrative.

Life Amidst Conflict

Despite the turmoil, life on Tel Aviv’s beaches carried on. People walked, jogged, and enjoyed the sea. Families played in the sand, couples strolled hand in hand, and children laughed in the waves. This scene served as a reminder that life and resilience continue, even in the face of persistent threats.

Yet, the shadow looms large. Over 130 Israeli citizens remain captive in Gaza’s underground tunnels—a grim reminder of the high stakes we face. As a nation, we continue to pray for their release and peace. While the threat of terrorism is ever-present, so is our unwavering belief in Israel’s future.

Ancient Prophecies and Contemporary Realities

In uncertain times, many people find comfort in ancient wisdom. Recently, I came across a video circulating on social media that featured a Talmudic passage predicting a future where world leaders would be in conflict, often with Israel caught in the middle. Yet, the video also conveyed a hopeful vision of Israel’s redemption—free from suffering and turmoil. This perspective inspired me, suggesting that even amid the chaos, a greater plan might unfold.

As Israel continues to be a major topic in global conversations, we have a unique opportunity to promote messages of peace and unity. These ancient prophecies remind us that our stories are interconnected, regardless of our backgrounds. I hope for a day when those visions become a reality—when peace prevails and nations unite in harmony. It’s a dream we can all share.

The Weight of a Simple Question

As we navigate these uncertain times, one question captures the collective mood with striking clarity. For a glimpse into how the everyday mood in Israel has been shaped by current events, a passage from a Times of Israel article sums it up nicely:

“As we approach the seder, the night of many questions, I am struck by the one question that has haunted the last six months. It has choked us for air, narrowed the passage of the esophagus, magnified the racing beats of the heart, made the dreaded lump of the gut ever heavier and left the most articulate dumbfounded. A simple question. A frequent and ordinary one. Suddenly unbearable.

‘How are you?’

In Israel, this baseline greeting of civil society has become the mourner’s mirror, frightful to look into. When trying for an authentic answer, one is left to confront themselves, as with the forceful wet slap of a wave that unsettles the balance of our precarious footing.

With the shock and trauma of grief, horror of the unknown, and fear of what is yet to come, one popular response has emerged. The beloved poet Haim Gouri, depicting the challenges of social etiquette during an entirely different time in his poem Bakasha- Request ‘שלומי כשלום עמי’ ‘I am as my nation is.’ This reply deflects but also expresses the challenges of the moment from within an awareness of our social context. The blurred borders of our personal and communal identities at once horrify and console. I feel as my neighbor and nation feels. As such, I am not alone.”

Ancient texts continue to speak to us, especially in times like these. They remind us that despite the turmoil, we are part of a larger narrative—guided by divine providence and carrying an enduring destiny for the Jewish people. As the world focuses on Israel, we bear the responsibility to share our timeless message of peace and unity.

Ultimately, the fulfillment of these ancient prophecies is within our grasp. We must nurture hope and strive for a future where peace takes root and nations turn their weapons into tools for growth and brotherhood. Until that day arrives, we hold fast to our traditions and draw strength from our resilience, trusting that together, we will navigate these uncertain times and emerge stronger.

The events of October 7 in Israel are etched in my memory. I was in Jerusalem when Hamas, the governing authority in Gaza, launched an attack that breached the border and plunged nearby communities into chaos. The violence was horrific, resulting in the abduction of over 230 hostages—men, women, and children of all ages. Amid this turmoil, I witnessed the remarkable resilience of ordinary Israeli citizens and local police who bravely confronted the attackers, saving lives before the IDF (Israeli Defense Forces) arrived. Their courage was a powerful reminder of the strength of the human spirit in the face of unimaginable adversity.

Upon my return to Canada, I attended a conference in Ottawa organized by the Centre for Israel and Jewish Affairs (CIJA) on October 16 and 17. Scheduled initially long before the outbreak of war, the gathering took on new urgency in light of recent events. With over 1,500 attendees—including students, professionals, law enforcement officers, and educators—the conference focused on the alarming resurgence of antisemitism in Canada, particularly as it spreads through social media. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Opposition Leader Pierre Poilievre emphasized that fighting antisemitism is not just a Jewish issue; it’s a Canadian one that affects us all.

The personal stories shared during the conference were impactful. One teacher from the Ottawa Public School System recounted the bullying faced by young Jewish students, underscoring that antisemitism is not a distant problem; it’s occurring right here in our communities. The conference’s message was clear: “Silence is collusion.” We cannot allow antisemitism to spread unchecked.

After hearing these powerful dialogues, I had the opportunity to meet with Members of Parliament, including Sherry Romanado and Brad Redekopp. These formalities and genuine, open exchanges highlighted the potential for real, collaborative action.

However, the environment remains complex. As we exited the conference hall, we encountered a Palestinian protest outside. This moment highlighted the need for dialogue and understanding between communities, reminding us that the paths to peace and justice intersect unexpectedly.

Resilience and Unity: How the Jewish Community Responds

While the conference underscored the urgent need for action in Canada, it also highlighted the enduring resilience of the Jewish people, both in Israel and the diaspora. Despite centuries of exile, Jewish communities worldwide have stood together through adversity, caring for the vulnerable among us. In Montreal, the Federation-CJA continues this tradition, working tirelessly to support those in need, particularly during times of crisis. This year’s fundraising campaign is particularly urgent, focusing on raising funds for the war effort in Israel.

In 2020, Ishai Ribo captured this sentiment in his rendition of “Vehi She’amda,” reminding us that despite those who have sought to harm us, we have always endured. Our traditions, rooted in Torah study and Jewish values, anchor us through good times and bad. This dedication to Jewish practice unites us in our efforts to support Israel, facing existential threats—whether against Hamas, Hezbollah, Iran, or the growing threats of antisemitism in our backyards.

Antisemitism is not a new phenomenon; it’s a persistent thread woven throughout history. As we are reminded during Passover, “Through the ages, many have risen to destroy us. But the Holy One, Blessed Be He, always saves us from their hand!” This message resonates deeply, especially during crises.

Moving Forward with Hope and Action

In today’s world, with its constant barrage of conflict and suffering, it’s easy to feel helpless. Yet, we must remember that we all have the power to make a difference. Whether standing up against injustice or supporting someone in need, our actions, however small, matter. Moments of kindness can transform situations, reminding us of our shared humanity and responsibility to improve the world for everyone.

When we come together as a community, our impact is amplified. Despite our differences, we share a common goal: to create a world where everyone can live free from persecution. Our tradition teaches us to pray for “the lion to lie down with the lamb,” envisioning a time of peace where the strong and weak coexist harmoniously. This hope extends beyond the Jewish community; it is a vision for everyone.

As we fervently pray for the swift and safe return of the hostages taken by Hamas on October 7—hashtag ba’agala uvizman karat—let us strive for a future where our collective efforts, resilience, and unity lead to a world free from hatred and conflict.

My trip to Israel in October unfolded in ways I could never have anticipated. What began as a joyful celebration quickly became a testament to the complex realities facing the Jewish community during the Simchat Torah festival—a time symbolizing renewal and hope as we complete the annual Torah readings and embark on a new cycle.

On October 7, I attended my nephew Rabbi Yair Silverman’s synagogue to celebrate Shmini Atzeret and Simchat Torah. This day marks the culmination of the Rosh Hashanah-Yom Kippur-Sukkot season, celebrating the Torah and its teachings. The joy was palpable as we completed the readings of The Five Books of Moses and began the story of Genesis, symbolizing the world’s creation anew.

Before the service began, Rabbi Silverman shared the unsettling news that Israel was under attack. He offered everyone the option to leave for safety; however, we chose to stay and continue with the service. The day combined extraordinary joy with a profound sense of resolve as we gathered again at 6 p.m. for the scheduled talk and closing service.

As the evening progressed, the gravity of the situation became clearer—Israel was engaged in conflict with Hamas in Gaza. Rabbi Silverman received a call from a colleague in Tel Aviv, sharing that a couple planning to marry the next day in Zichron Yaakov insisted on proceeding with their wedding. Inspired by the rabbinic teaching to not delay joyous occasions even in adversity, their decision underscored our community’s ability to find light amid darkness.

A Joyous Wedding Amidst Adversity

Rabbi Silverman and our congregation organized a beautiful wedding for the young couple the following day. Despite the conflict, the bride’s family and friends gathered at our small synagogue, and our community, spanning generations, joined in the celebration. As is customary at Jewish weddings, even strangers were welcomed to share joy. I was fortunate to capture these moments on video, and the family graciously allowed me to share these cherished memories.

Return to Jerusalem and Changing Realities

After the wedding celebration, reality set in as I returned to my Jerusalem apartment. The usually ninety-minute drive from Zichron Yaakov felt different this time. My phone buzzed continuously with updates from various WhatsApp groups, revealing rapidly changing circumstances. Discussions ranged from cancellations to preparations for what lay ahead. My pilates group was already planning the next class, striving to maintain normalcy amidst the chaos.

I had tickets for an eagerly awaited concert by Ishay Ribo, whose soulful interpretations of biblical texts resonate deeply with many, including me. Scheduled for October 8 at Jerusalem’s Binyanei HaUma, the concert was cancelled, along with many other events. While I felt disappointed, watching one of Ribo’s previous performances on YouTube brought some comfort, especially when he sang “Modeh Ani,” a prayer of gratitude for the new day.

Preparation and Community Response

Back in Jerusalem, we received government instructions to prepare for uncertain times ahead, including stocking up on water, food, flashlights, and transistor radios for our bomb shelters. My friend Sarah Kraft and I went to the mall to gather supplies. We faced an unexpected challenge when we found that transistor radios were in short supply, but a nearby cell phone shop had the last two radios available.

The sense of community was evident everywhere. People across Israel united to ensure that soldiers and civilians had essential resources. Some collected protective gear and ammunition, while others prepared meals for the 300,000 reservists called up on short notice. There was also abundant spiritual support, with groups organizing communal singing, dancing, and Torah classes, both in-person and online. “Tzitzit,” symbolic fringed garments, were crafted and offered to any soldier who wanted them, symbolizing a meaningful connection to our shared faith.

In my Jerusalem residence, we are fortunate to have a bomb shelter. However, Sarah, who lives in a building without one, faced a tough decision. We had to plan for an uncertain future. Despite having a pre-scheduled flight back to Montreal on October 12, all international flights from Tel Aviv were cancelled except those operated by El Al. After consulting my travel agent, I purchased an El Al ticket to Zurich, hoping Air Canada would honour my original ticket to Montreal. Before leaving, I entrusted Sarah with the keys to my apartment to access the shelter if needed.

Returning to Montreal

Returning to Montreal felt surreal. I was deeply grateful to be invited to my cousins’ home for dinner on Friday night, a comforting ritual that grounded me after such an intense week. I attended Shabbat services at my usual synagogue with Rabbi Poupko the following morning. The familiarity of the service was a balm to my soul, although it included an additional prayer for hostages and a moving rendition of Hatikvah, Israel’s national anthem. The words of Hatikvah, meaning “The Hope,” resonated with our ancient yearning for freedom and sovereignty in our homeland.

Reuniting with my community brought profound relief and joy. We shared our experiences and the challenges we faced since the conflict began. Many in our tight-knit community have family and friends in Israel, and some have connections to those who have tragically lost their lives.

That night, we began a new tradition—gathering weekly for an additional prayer service to recite Psalms/Tehillim. This cherished Jewish tradition provides comfort and strength during difficult times, and our community has embraced it wholeheartedly. We listen to comforting words from our rabbis and recite our designated psalms together.

“On that dark Shabbat of Simchat Torah, when our son went to war, I was overwhelmed with fear and sorrow. With no other way to cope, I cried and recited Tehillim from beginning to end until my tears dried. The Psalms echoed my anguish, giving voice to my fears. Just as Jews have prayed in times of distress throughout history, these prayers continue to speak to us today, guiding us towards redemption.”¹

Our rabbis and community leaders remind us of the importance of participating in meaningful actions through military service, support from home, or dedicated prayer. They encourage us to deepen our commitment to mitzvot, righteous actions, and sincere prayer.

Recently, rabbis in Israel called for a three-day communal fast inspired by the story of Queen Esther during Purim. This fast recalls a pivotal moment when Haman threatened the Jewish community in Shushan, now part of Iran. Before her crucial meeting with King Ahashverosh, Esther asked her people to join her in fasting for three days to seek guidance and support. This collective act highlights the strength found in community unity during challenging times.

On Sunday, October 15, we observed Rosh Chodesh, marking the start of a new month. A few years ago, women in Montreal began a unique tradition of holding an all-female Rosh Chodesh service. Whenever I’m in Montreal, I prioritize attending this gathering. This particular service was especially meaningful as we celebrated the Bat Mitzvah of a young girl turning 12—a significant milestone in Jewish life. Witnessing her recite the Torah portion with confidence was both inspiring and emotional. The celebration involved collaboration among her classmates, friends, and family, making it a memorable occasion.

How the Jewish Community Responds

Throughout history, the Jewish community has shown remarkable resilience and solidarity in adversity. In Montreal, the Federation CJA leads efforts to support those in need with an annual fundraising campaign that unites the community. This year, our focus shifted to raising urgent funds for the ongoing war effort, bringing us together in unprecedented ways.

Last week, I attended a fundraising concert featuring Montreal’s beloved Jewish entertainers, including Milena Kartowski’s breathtaking rendition of “Stand by Me,” which left a lasting impression on everyone present.

Our enduring traditions, commitment to Torah study, and alignment with Torah principles have been our foundation through prosperous and challenging times. This consistency in Jewish practice is crucial as we support Israel in its existential struggle for survival. Whether within or outside Israel, we are united in our pursuit of the common good, striving for the recovery of our captives and the elimination of threats to ensure our people’s safety.

A Prayer for Peace and Hope

Miracles happen when we confront evil with unwavering resolve. As individuals and as a community, we are called upon to contribute to the greater good. We pray earnestly for this day to come soon, swiftly, and in our lifetime.

Hazan Mutlu of Central Synagogue in NYC has recorded a prayer that resonates with those facing adversity, wherever they may be—on land or at sea:

“May the One who blessed our ancestors, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, bless and protect all who strive for peace and security in Israel and beyond. May the Almighty grant healing, strength, and comfort as we stand together in solidarity.”

In this spirit, we affirm the message of Am Yisrael Chai—the people of Israel live.

Footnote:

1. Roth, Aharon. “Psalms for a State of Vertigo.” Tradition, 22 Sept. 2023, traditiononline.org/psalms-for-a-state-of-vertigo/.

Upon my return to Israel, I spent my first Shabbat at my nephew’s home in Kiryat Menachem, a charming suburb nestled in the hills of Jerusalem. The city’s growth was impossible to miss—there was a buzz about the expanding train services, and the cranes dotting the skyline hinted at the changes underway. Yet, Kiryat Menachem retained its unique charm, feeling like a “fifteen-minute city” where everything you need is just a short walk away. With its preserved green spaces, this older neighbourhood was perfect for a leisurely Shabbat stroll. We took full advantage, walking along the Shvil Yisrael (the Israel Trail) and soaking in the vibrant hues of Jerusalem’s spring flowers.

The kids, of course, were the highlight of the weekend. My seven-year-old nephew, Eitam, was incredibly excited to show off his Purim costume. He had chosen to be the Saba—a sweet, grandfatherly figure who hands out candy during Shabbat services in synagogues worldwide. Armed with his actual Saba’s cane and a bag of sweets from the local store, he took on the role with gusto. My eleven-year-old niece, Yehudit, wasn’t about to be outdone. She transformed into her teacher with a dress, purse, glasses, and even a wig. Watching her strut around the house, mimicking her teacher’s mannerisms, had us all in stitches.

The following Shabbat, I settled into my new home in the Katamon neighbourhood, a quintessential Jerusalem enclave. In this place, the buildings must be clad in the city’s signature pink Jerusalem stone, giving the streets a timeless, cohesive look. Lined with those distinctive pink stone garden fences, my street felt like something out of a storybook.

Moving into my snug apartment was like stepping into a new chapter of my life. The space is small but cozy, with an enclosed balcony that brings the outside in. That first Saturday afternoon, around 3 o’clock, I captured some photos of the place, which featured kids and their caregivers—women and men, all enjoying the peaceful Shabbat together.

One of my first neighbours, Joyce, who had just moved from Toronto to Israel, welcomed me with a delicious homemade challah that felt like a warm hug from home. Eager to explore more local flavours, I tried food from a nearby eatery that caters to the Shabbat crowd. The area is rich with synagogues, and I was particularly drawn to the Chabad House Synagogue, where I learned about their post-service lunch tradition.

Attending their Friday night services was an eye-opener. On my way home, I encountered a group of people standing in the middle of the road, deep in conversation. One of them recognized me—it was the broker who had recently sold her mother’s apartment to me. She invited me to join them for supper and lunch the next day. It was an unexpected moment that instantly connected you to a new place.

The next day, as I made my way to the synagogue, I passed by a schoolyard full of children playing—a heartwarming sight that reminded me of the universality of childhood. I found the adult service inside the synagogue and was pleasantly surprised to hear a woman giving the Sabbath talk in an Orthodox setting. At the Chabad kiddush after the service, I sat with two English-speaking women with deep ties to Jerusalem and Israel. One was visiting her in-laws, and the other was a divorced woman embarking on a new journey in our neighbourhood. As we talked, we discovered a shared history—we had all lived on Lake Street in White Plains, NY, during nearly the same period years ago. One of those “small world” moments made you smile and marvel at how interconnected our lives can be.

These connections, both new and old, are what made my first Shabbats in Jerusalem so special. There’s a warmth here, a sense of community that transcends time and distance, and I’m so grateful to be a part of it.

Embarking from Montreal to Jerusalem is more than just a physical experience; it’s profoundly emotional and spiritual. Travel has a way of unravelling the distance between places and the borders between people. As I touched down in Israel on March 2nd, 2023, from the bustling airplane cabin to the sacred streets of Jerusalem, my travels unfolded, weaving tales of serendipity and human connection. With every moment, I etched a chapter in the chronicles of my travel encounters,

The adventure began on the flight. I was seated beside a young Ukrainian man from Odesa, a city that has become synonymous with resilience in recent times. As he shared his story, I was struck by the sheer determination it took for him to navigate the challenges of obtaining a work transfer and crossing borders during such a tumultuous period. His visit to his cousins in Tel Aviv was more than just a family reunion; it was a testament to his spirit. As we shared the space of that airplane cabin, I realized how travel can compress time and space, bringing together people from different walks of life, each with their own unique journey.

Next to us sat a woman, deeply engrossed in a well-worn Bible. I couldn’t help but wonder about her story and what brought her on this journey. When she finally looked up, we struck up a conversation. She was from Switzerland, and her enthusiasm for experiencing the places mentioned in the Bible was infectious. I offered suggestions for her travels, excited to share a piece of the land I had come to know and love. By the end of our conversation, she had invited me to visit her in Switzerland. What started as a simple chat turned into a warm connection, leading to a shared meal in Jerusalem a week later—a reminder that sometimes, the most meaningful connections are those we never see coming.

On the communal Sherut taxi, I sat beside an American woman with a baby on her lap. She was returning from a wedding in Montreal, a city that suddenly felt much closer in the warmth of our shared experience. Her husband, a teacher at a Yeshiva in Jerusalem, was waiting for her, and I couldn’t help but feel a sense of camaraderie—two women connected by our ties to this city, yet from such different backgrounds.

On the other side was Orit Elgavi-Hershler, an Israeli neurobiologist and educator who had just published her book, “Neuropedagogia: Where Souls and Education Meet.”

Neuropedagogia: Where souls and education meet

Her passion for her work, especially on the latest methods for addressing autism and schizophrenia, was palpable. We peppered her with questions, and I left that ride feeling richer for having met her, grateful for the serendipity that placed us in that taxi together.

But the most remarkable moment came when I stepped off the Sherut, burdened with two oversized suitcases and two hefty carry-ons. As I stood on the narrow sidewalk, trying to figure out my next move, a woman suddenly stopped her car and parked right in front of me. Without hesitation, she got out and offered to help with my luggage. It was such a simple gesture, but in that moment, it felt profound. The kindness catches you off guard, making you realize how deeply connected we all are, even to strangers. It was the perfect welcome to my new apartment in Jerusalem, a city that has always felt like a second home to me.

As I reflect on these moments—each unexpected, each filled with sincerity—I am reminded of why I love to travel. It’s not just about the destinations or the landscapes; it’s about the people we meet along the way and the connections that turn a journey into a story worth telling.

Throughout history, we’ve been captivated by stories of heroes— remarkable individuals whose courage and selflessness leave an enduring mark on the world. These heroes come from all walks of life, contributing in grand and small ways. Whether legendary warriors or contemporary activists, their legacies remind us that anyone can make a meaningful difference, regardless of their background. Even the most minor actions can ripple through history, shaping the future in ways we might never fully realize.

Modern Heroes

Recently, I’ve been deeply moved by the stories of modern-day heroes like Juan Pujol García. Born in Portugal, his bravery in working as a double agent during World War II is a testament to the power of wit and strategy. Imagine the tension of World War II—nations teetering on the brink, every move crucial.

Pujol’s daring idea to feed false information to the Nazis wasn’t just brave—it was genius. He earned their trust to the point where they sent him on a mission to Britain, believing he was on their side. But Pujol had something else in mind. On English soil, he wove a complex web of lies, creating an entire network of fake English double agents. Can you imagine the nerve it took to pull that off?

As “Agent Garbo,” Pujol didn’t just trick the German High Command once or twice—he did it multiple times, each deception more elaborate than the last. Picture rows of balloon tanks and planes that never took off, all part of his plan to mislead the Germans about the Allies’ next move. His story is a powerful reminder of how one person’s courage and cleverness can truly shape history.

Similarly, when I watched Simone, Woman of the Century, a documentary about Simone Veil, I was struck by her resilience and determination. Veil’s journey began with the innocence of a happy childhood in a secular Jewish family, a stark contrast to the horrors she would later endure. When her family was arrested and deported to Auschwitz during World War II, her world was shattered. Yet, even in the darkest times, Veil’s spirit never broke.

The documentary highlighted the milestones that marked her incredible life. After surviving the concentration camp, she returned to France, where she earned a law degree, raised a family, and embarked on a groundbreaking political career. One moment that particularly resonated with me was her courageous fight to secure legal abortion rights in France—a predominantly Catholic country—demonstrating her unwavering commitment to women’s rights.

As the first president of the European Parliament, Veil’s work to prevent the conflicts that had long plagued Europe reminded me of the power of leadership driven by personal experience and deep conviction. Her life is not just a chapter in history; it’s a source of inspiration for anyone who values justice, equality, and remembrance.

Simone Veil’s story is a poignant reminder of what it means to persevere, to lead, and to ensure that the lessons of the past are never forgotten. Her legacy continues to inspire me, particularly in the ongoing fight for gender equality and the preservation of Holocaust memory, which remains as relevant today as ever.

Celebrating Unsung Heroes

When I think about heroes, I realize many don’t seek recognition. They’re the ones who quietly make a difference, often without expecting anything in return. Their bravery, selflessness, and commitment leave an indelible mark on history. We should celebrate these unsung heroes, learn from their examples, and strive to positively impact the world.

Reflecting on these stories, I’m reminded of the unsung heroes in my life—those who have shown me kindness, stood up for what’s right, or simply been there when I needed them most. They might not make the history books, but their impact on my life is immeasurable.

Who are the heroes in your life? Are there people around you whose quiet acts of courage and kindness have made a difference?

Footnotes:

The Book of Exodus’ essence lies in its portrayal of Jewish cosmology—how Jews view the world and understand God’s role in human affairs. This narrative deeply resonated with me, especially when God revealed Himself to Moses through the burning bush. The sense of divine assurance and the promise of presence emphasized the profound connection between God and the people.

“I, anochi, am the Lord your God, who liberated you from the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage.” (Exodus 20:2)

Following this proclamation, the Decalogue is presented (Exodus 20:3-14), known in Hebrew as the “ten utterances” or “aseret hadibrot.” The scene is awe-inspiring—a trembling mountain enveloped in smoke and fire, with the sound of the shofar adding to the gravity of the moment. It struck me how this cosmological framework guided people and framed their understanding of justice and divine presence.

In contrast, the morning after delving into The Huarochirí Manuscript, another CBC Ideas program explored the world of pseudo-archaeology. This discussion uncovered how pseudo-archaeological narratives can be manipulated to serve political and cultural agendas, sometimes morphing into religious myths:

We learn that in the bookstores of the sixties—those of the flower children and those of the far right—both are populated by invented mythologies, filled with conspiracy theories about how the world was created, etc.

Invaders from Mars? Alligators? All of these elaborate ideologies are written down in books, and some have been seen in popular TV productions like The Twilight Zone. Both the alt-right and the far-left use these books to create their alternate visions of what’s wrong with the world and how to repair it.

Myths about Jews and blacks and the superior white race abound. A person who lived in this alternate reality has also created a podcast about his experience and bears powerful witness to the truth that, in the absence of a clear cosmology, people will create one to feel grounded and safe in the world.

This exploration of pseudo-archaeology highlights how cosmologies provide the foundation for political ideologies, influence conflicts, and serve as guiding principles that shape human history. It also made me reflect on the importance of understanding and critically examining our cosmological beliefs.

In the labyrinth of human experience, cosmology acts as a guiding beacon, illuminating our path and shaping our shared reality. From the sacred narratives of ancient civilizations to the myths of modernity, cosmologies weave a rich tapestry of beliefs, values, and ideologies. As we reflect on cosmology’s significance, let us appreciate its power to inspire, unite, and transform. For in our quest to understand the cosmos lies the essence of our humanity—a continuous journey of exploration, discovery, and wonder.

Footnotes

1. CBC-Ideas. “The Huarochirí Manuscript.” Broadcasted 6 Feb. 2023.
2. Swindoll, Chuck. God’s Masterwork. Insight.org.
3. “On Earth as it is in Heaven.” The Lord’s Prayer, Matthew 6:10.
4. CBC-Ideas. “Exploring the Intersection of Pseudo-Archaeology, Political Agendas, and Cultural Ideas.” Broadcasted 7 Feb. 2023.

In the quiet moments following International Holocaust Remembrance Day, I find myself reflecting on the profound journey of redemption that the Jewish people have traversed since the liberation of Auschwitz in 1945. This period of reflection brings to light two significant movements from the past seventy years: the establishment of the State of Israel and, perhaps less visibly but equally impactful, the rise of Jewish education.

As I delve into the transformative power of education, I am reminded of the personal stories that transcend borders and beliefs. These stories demonstrate the profound impact that learning can have on our lives. One such story is that of a dear friend from Montreal. Raised Catholic in Quebec, she found a new layer of meaning in her life through weekly Torah study online with a French-speaking Rabbi in Jerusalem. I vividly recall the day she shared with me the joy and anticipation she felt before walking into a synagogue for the first time, eager to connect with Jewish individuals face-to-face. Although she hasn’t converted, this experience has profoundly enriched her life, offering her a spiritual connection she hadn’t expected.

Historical Parallels

Her journey is not just an isolated story of personal growth; it echoes the historical “convivencia” of ninth and tenth-century Spain, a golden era where Judaism, Christianity, and Islam intersected in remarkable harmony. Alton Brooks, a Professor of Religion at USC, describes this period as an extraordinary time when these three religions coexisted with mutual respect. Today, as we witness the growing interest in Jewish texts among diverse communities, it feels like a modern echo of that intellectual and cultural convergence.

This growing engagement with Jewish texts across various communities is not just a Jewish endeavour; it’s a potential pathway to broader redemption in our contemporary world. Just as the convivencia fostered a rich exchange of ideas and cultural enrichment, our modern exploration of Jewish thought can contribute to a deeper understanding and unity among people of different faiths and backgrounds.

Recently, I read Thomas Cahill’s “The Gifts of the Jews: How a Tribe of Desert Nomads Changed the Way Everyone Thinks and Feels.” Cahill, a Roman Catholic scholar, explores the transformative influence of Jewish thought on world history. His comparison of Israel with Greek and Roman civilizations highlights how these interactions led to significant advancements. Despite later claims of ideological superiority, Cahill points to historical periods of peaceful coexistence, such as the Islamic “convivencia” in Spain and the Renaissance.

“The Jews gave us the ‘outside and the inside’—our outlook and inner life. We can hardly get up in the morning or cross the street without being Jewish. We dream dreams and hope Jewish hopes. Most of our best words—in fact, new, adventure, time, history, future, freedom, progress, spirit, faith, hope, justice—are the gifts of the Jews…

Nothing we do, however virtuous, can be accomplished alone. That accomplishment is intergenerational may be the deepest of all Hebrew insights.”²

Cahill’s insights emphasize the importance of embracing diverse perspectives and recognizing the contributions of Jewish thought to our collective intellectual heritage. In an age where division and misunderstanding often prevail, studying Jewish texts provides a vital opportunity for redemption and intellectual enrichment for all.

My Educational Journey

Reflecting on my educational path, I recall a blend of experiences that shaped my identity. Growing up in a religious household, I attended an English Protestant school in Quebec due to the limitations of the education system. Ironically, Protestant schools were more inclusive of all students, while Catholic schools did not accept non-Christian Jewish children.

This dual existence often left me feeling like an outsider. While I spoke English and engaged with English-speaking teachers, my social circle was predominantly Hungarian-Jewish immigrants. The anomaly in my school was the Christian child. My most meaningful connection with an English Protestant was my high school art teacher, Helen Mackey, whose influence lingered with me throughout her life in Montreal.

After graduating early from high school, I briefly attended McGill University but felt disconnected. My dream was to study in Lausanne, Switzerland, but my mother’s insistence on studying in Israel led me to earn my BA from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

My Jewish education, woven from various threads—home teachings, synagogue rituals, Sabbath youth groups, Jewish summer camps, and Hebrew afternoon school—has been a journey of discovery. Only recently have I engaged in consistent Hebrew text study through Shiviti, a new Yeshiva for adult women in Jerusalem.

Through my studies, I’ve appreciated the vast range of topics our rabbis explored. Professor Yoram Hazony’s seminar on ‘The Big Questions About Judaism’ highlighted the often-overlooked value of the Hebrew Bible in today’s intellectual climate. This ancient text, rich in metaphors and literary devices, is a treasure trove of ideas.

Education as a Unifying Force

Our canonical texts, examined alongside commentators like Rashi and Maimonides, reveal profound wisdom. Watching the documentary series “Searching for Maimonides, The Great Eagle” deepened my appreciation for this philosopher, revered by multiple faiths, and illustrated the interplay between past and present, text and context.

Education is a unifying force in all its forms—whether through schools, libraries, concerts, or the Internet. It offers opportunities for engagement in the extraordinary tapestry of life. Yet, we must also acknowledge that education alone cannot solve all the world’s problems. Challenges such as inequality, prejudice, and ignorance still persist. However, education remains a crucial foundation for understanding, empathy, and cooperation among diverse communities.

This shared pursuit of knowledge is critical to fostering peace and harmony. Whether within academic institutions or in our homes, pursuing knowledge provides a pathway to redemption and unity. As we confront the challenges of our modern world, let us recognize the transformative power of education—not as a solitary solution but as a vital tool in our collective journey towards a more just and harmonious society.

Walking the Path of Wisdom

As you reflect on the role of education in your own life, consider how you can contribute to this ongoing journey of redemption. Whether through formal study, engaging in dialogue with those from different backgrounds, or simply nurturing a curiosity for the wisdom of the past, we can play a part in building a more connected and understanding world. The path to redemption is not walked alone; it is a shared journey that spans generations and cultures, guided by the light of knowledge and the spirit of learning.

Footnotes

1. “Convivencia” refers to the coexistence of various religious and cultural groups in medieval Spain. For more information, see Wikipedia, Wikipedia, 2024, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convivencia.
2. Cahill, Thomas. The Gifts of the Jews: How a Tribe of Desert Nomads Changed the Way Everyone Thinks and Feels. Nan A. Talese, 1998.
3. SHIVITI. “SHIVITI: International Women’s Learning Community.” shiviti.org.il, SHIVITI, 2024, shiviti.org.il.
4. Hazony, Yoram. The Really Big Questions About Judaism. Zoom Seminar Series, 2024.

The Pope’s recent visit to Canada marked a historic milestone in the ongoing journey toward reconciliation and healing for the Indigenous Peoples of Canada. As I watched the events unfold, I felt an intense connection to the pain and resilience of the Aboriginal communities. Their stories of suffering, survival, and the pursuit of justice resonated deeply with the intergenerational trauma my own family has endured.

The Pope’s heartfelt apology for the horrors inflicted through the residential school system was a crucial moment of collective reflection on a dark chapter of our shared history. These schools, which operated from the 19th century until as recently as 1996, were not merely institutions of forced assimilation; they were tools of cultural erasure. Approximately 150,000 Inuit and Métis children were stripped of their identities, many enduring unimaginable suffering—physical and sexual abuse—and some never returning home; their final resting places remain unmarked graves.

Personal Reflections on Trauma

Listening to these stories echoes the painful history my own people have faced. As a child of Jewish parents who were persecuted in Hungary during World War II, I have always carried the weight of intergenerational trauma. My parents bore the loss of family members—parents, grandparents, siblings, aunts, uncles, and cousins—as an invisible burden that shaped our lives. Their stories of survival, of navigating a world that turned hostile and deadly, are ingrained in my identity. The Pope’s apology made me reflect on how acknowledgment and apology, while not erasing the pain, are crucial steps toward healing.

The Power of Indigenous Voices

Over the past twenty-five years, Canada has made strides in confronting this grievous past. I’ve been deeply moved by the personal narratives of First Nation communities shared on national radio and TV. Each story has deepened my appreciation for their resilience and the richness of their cultural heritage. Listening to these stories has also sparked a longing for a similar platform within our media for the Jewish community—where more Canadians could celebrate and understand our traditions, history, and vibrant cultural tapestry.

Indigenous communities have been at the forefront of reclaiming their history, art, and languages. Programs like CBC’s Unreserved have been a powerful testament to their resilience. These writers, chefs, activists, and artists are not just preserving their culture—they’re revitalizing it, using their creativity to challenge stereotypes and assert their identity. Through poetry, food, and art, they reclaim, repair, and reflect on their Indigenous selves, reminding us of the power of cultural renewal.

• These writers use poetry to reclaim, repair and reflect their Indigenous selves.
• Indigenous chefs and activists use food to talk about land, history and culture.
• These artists embrace new technology, challenging stereotypes of what counts as Indigenous art.
• Break bread, laugh and learn how to celebrate National Indigenous Peoples Day.

Shared Trauma: A Jewish Perspective on Reconciliation

As a Jew, I feel a deep connection to the struggles of the First Nations. The trauma they face echoes the pain my family endured. The Jewish community, too, has suffered under colonial policies imposed by Christian rulers. A stark example is the Czarist decree of August 26, 1827, which conscripted Jewish boys as young as eight into Russian Cantonist schools, forcing them into twenty-five years of military service. These boys, often underfed and mistreated, were pressured to convert to Orthodox Christianity.

The Pope’s apology to the Indigenous community has prompted me to reflect on the meaning of apologies for unspeakable horrors. In Jewish tradition, the injured party has the prerogative to accept or reject an apology, yet acknowledging wrongs and offering reparations are crucial steps toward healing.

In my lifetime, I have witnessed the Catholic Church begin to take responsibility for its role in persecuting Jews. This acknowledgment culminated in Pope Paul VI’s encyclical Nostra Aetate on October 28, 1965, which renounced centuries of antisemitism. This declaration, which decried hatred and persecution of Jews, was a pivotal step toward reconciliation, further deepened by Pope Francis’s visit to Israel in 2014. True reconciliation requires ongoing dialogue and grassroots interactions to dispel stereotypes and foster mutual understanding.

“…the Church, mindful of the patrimony she shared with the Jews and moved not by political reasons but by the Gospel’s spiritual love, decries hatred, persecutions, and displays of antisemitism, directed against Jews at any time and by anyone.”

One of the most potent examples of reconciliation I have witnessed occurred during a church service in Winnipeg. This event, organized by Pastor Rudy Fidel of Faith Church, brought together Cantor Moshe Kraus, a Holocaust survivor, two First Nations Chiefs, and a Klezmer band for a Sunday morning service. I had the honour of documenting this event, which included powerful speeches and performances that bridged our communities.

• Two First Nations Chiefs: From 1:01 to 2:11 minutes, Jim Baird, Chief of Leech Lake of the Ojibwe Nation, introduced Grand Chief Jerry, recently elected as the Grand Chief of Thirty-two Nations. From 2:11 to 7:42 minutes, Grand Chief Jerry shared insights into his community’s current affairs.
• Hazzan Moshe Kraus: At 10:32-20:58 min, Cantor Kraus recounted a poignant incident from 1942 in Budapest. At the request of a Hungarian Bishop from Potok, Moshe assisted in securing the release of the Bishop’s colleague and Moshe’s cousin, a Rabbi in Potok, who was incarcerated in Budapest.

We must all journey toward reconciliation and healing in a world marked by historical injustices. The scars of the past have been passed down through generations, and it is only by coming together—acknowledging the past, promoting empathy, and dismantling oppressive systems—that we can hope to heal. This involves creating safe spaces for dialogue, supporting cultural revitalization, and investing in mental health resources.

A Call to Action

Reconciliation isn’t just about words; it requires action. Here are some ways we can all contribute to this ongoing process:

• Support Indigenous-led initiatives: Whether through donations, volunteering, or simply amplifying their voices, we can all play a part in supporting the work of Indigenous communities.
• Learn and educate: Take the time to learn about the history and cultures of Indigenous peoples and other marginalized communities. Share this knowledge with others to foster a more inclusive society.
• Advocate for policy changes: Push for reforms in education, healthcare, and other areas to better serve the needs of Indigenous communities and ensure that historical injustices are not repeated.
• Engage in grassroots efforts: Participate in or support local initiatives promoting dialogue and understanding between communities. These interactions are vital for building a more compassionate and just society.

The journey of reconciliation and healing is long and complex, but every step taken brings us closer to a world where all can thrive in dignity and peace.

Throughout history, the choices made by leaders and individuals have shaped the course of events, leaving lasting imprints on societies and future generations. Reflecting on these choices, I’m struck by how recent initiatives, like those from the Sousa Mendes Foundation and Lockdown University, bring these powerful narratives into our lives. Through talks, film screenings, and historical explorations, these organizations illuminate the profound complexities of power, compassion, and ethical responsibilities—timeless themes that resonate deeply with me.

John Loftus: Unraveling CIA Archives and Hidden Narratives

One of the most astonishing revelations I encountered recently was a YouTube presentation by John Loftus, a former Irish-American military man, lawyer, and author. Loftus shared his incredible journey through CIA archives in search of Nazis in America, uncovering documents deliberately misfiled to remain hidden. As I watched, I found myself both shocked and fascinated by the story he unravelled—one that connects deeply with our understanding of leadership and the moral choices of those in power.

Loftus delves into the financing of the Nazi party by a U.S. bank led by Prescott Bush, father of Bush Senior and grandfather of George W. Bush. The narrative unfolds with August Thyssen, the patriarch of the German Thyssen coal and steel industry, who, dismayed by the reparations imposed on his enterprise after World War I, sought to protect his family’s wealth. To achieve this, Thyssen established three banks in different countries, with the Union Banking Corporation (UBC) in New York being overseen by the Bush family. This story of hidden wealth, power, and moral ambiguity left me questioning how financial interests can override ethical considerations—a dilemma that continues to be relevant today.

What struck me most was how, despite the U.S. government seizing the Thyssen bank in New York in 1942, the family’s wealth endured through strategic transfers and cover-ups, aided by their American lawyer, Foster Dulles. It’s a chilling reminder that wealth often correlates with increased power but doesn’t always translate into ethical leadership.

In 1959, Thyssen’s widow Amélie and daughter Anita Gräfin Zichy-Thyssen established the Fritz Thyssen Foundation, committing 100 million Deutschmarks to advancing science and the humanities—perhaps an act of penance. This decision, in contrast to the earlier pursuit of wealth, reflects a shift towards using power and resources for the greater good. This theme resonates with the obligations of leadership.

Relevance to Today’s World

As I listened to Loftus, I couldn’t help but think about today’s world, where similar ethical dilemmas continue to arise. How often do financial interests still override moral considerations? How do we, as individuals, hold leaders accountable for their actions? It’s a reminder that we must remain vigilant and question the motivations behind the decisions that shape our societies.

Obligations of Kingship in Israel

These reflections bring me to the ancient wisdom found in The Book of Deuteronomy, which outlines the duties and restrictions of a king:

“The king must not get more and more horses for himself… he must not make himself rich with silver and gold… he must learn to completely obey everything the law commands. Then the king will not think that he is better than any of his own people…” (Deuteronomy 17:16-20)

This passage powerfully reminds us that authentic leadership is about humility and service to others. It’s a timeless lesson that seems as relevant today as it was thousands of years ago—a guidepost for ethical leadership in our world, where power can often lead to corruption.

The Filipino Sanctuary: Quezon’s Open Door Policy

Another story of leadership during World War II deeply moved me, showcased in Noel Izon’s documentary “Open Door” (2018). The Sousa Mendes Foundation recently screened this film, revealing the inspiring story of German Jewish refugees finding refuge in the Philippines in the 1930s.

President Manuel L. Quezon’s Open Door Policy, in partnership with U.S. High Commissioner Paul V. McNutt, provided visas to roughly 1,300 German Jewish emigrants—a courageous and compassionate act at a time when few nations were willing to open their doors to Jews fleeing Nazi oppression. This story, unknown to many, made me reflect on the power of individual choices in shaping the lives of others. The existing Jewish community in the Philippines raised the necessary funds to resettle these families, who quickly integrated into Filipino society. Many resumed their native professions and endured the Japanese occupation alongside the Filipino people until the American liberation of the islands. Their resilience, alongside the generosity of the Filipino people, is a testament to the enduring human spirit.

Jewish Responses to Crisis: Benevolence and Solidarity

During times of crisis, Jewish communities worldwide have consistently responded with open hearts and homes to those in need. This tradition of “shivyon shiurim,” or the freeing of captive enslaved people, continues to be a cornerstone of Jewish values—a reminder that our responsibility to others transcends time and place.

In our own time, it is heartening to see Canadian private donors and charitable organizations within the Jewish community and beyond stepping up to support Ukrainian refugees. Six months ago, during the Ukraine-Russia conflict, Montreal Rabbis Reuven Poupko and Adam Schier visited the Polish-Ukraine border to assess the needs of fleeing refugees. Their efforts, along with Israel’s proactive presence at the border, exemplify the enduring commitment to helping those in crisis.

As the Jerusalem Post notes, Israel has welcomed nearly 33,000 Ukrainian refugees, with many in the process of making aliyah. This stark contrast with the U.S.’s approach to refugee resettlement highlights the varying responses of nations to humanitarian crises, prompting us to reflect on our own roles in supporting those in need.

Learning from the Past

As I navigate the challenges and ethical dilemmas of our times, I often find myself looking to the stories of leadership and choices from the past for guidance. The decisions of leaders undoubtedly shape our collective destiny, but it’s the actions of ordinary individuals—people like you and me—that truly shape the tapestry of our shared humanity. These stories remind us that our choices can make a difference, no matter how small. And that, perhaps, is the most important lesson of all.

So, I ask you: What kind of leader will you be? How will you reflect the values that matter most to you in your choices, big or small? Let these stories inspire you to lead with compassion, integrity, and courage. Our world needs more leaders who understand that true power lies not in wealth or influence but in the ability to make ethical and compassionate choices.

Footnote

1. Lockdown University, www.lockdownuniversity.org. Email info@lockdownuniversity.org for enrollment and inclusion in the weekly mailing list.

“No man is an island, Entire of itself… Each man’s death diminishes me, For I am involved in mankind. Therefore, send not to know, For whom the bell tolls, It tolls for thee.” —John Donne

Abortion is a deeply personal and often controversial issue that touches on our beliefs about freedom, responsibility, and morality. As John Donne’s words remind us, our choices ripple through our community, intertwining our lives in ways we may not always see. To understand the nuances of the abortion debate, it is essential to explore its historical roots, various religious viewpoints, and societal impacts.

For some individuals, abortion represents an intensely private decision filled with complex emotions and dilemmas. The weight of this choice can lead to emotional turmoil, reflecting how our lives and choices are connected to those of others. This shared struggle encourages us to consider the broader implications of our beliefs and decisions in the ongoing conversation about reproductive rights.

Religious Perspectives on the Sanctity of Life

The discussion about abortion often centers on the belief that society has a responsibility to protect the developing fetus. Many argue that from the moment of conception, the fetus possesses the same rights as any human being, rendering abortion a grave moral wrong.

Different religious traditions hold varying views on abortion. In Judaism, while murder is strictly prohibited, the Talmudic interpretation of the commandment to “be fruitful and multiply” prioritizes the well-being of the mother over the rights of the fetus. Jewish law permits abortion if it is necessary for the mother’s mental or physical health at any point during the pregnancy, demonstrating a compassionate approach to complex personal circumstances. However, it is important to note that within Judaism, there is a diversity of opinion across different denominations, with Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform communities often interpreting these principles differently.

Societal Implications and the Shadow of Overpopulation

Historically, concerns about overpopulation have influenced policy and public opinion. Economist Thomas Malthus famously warned that population growth would outstrip our ability to produce food, leading to widespread famine. While agricultural technology and scientific advances have disproven his theory, overpopulation concerns have shaped policies and public discourse.

In the twentieth century, the root cause of widespread starvation shifted from merely insufficient food to flawed government policies and wars. For example, the Soviet Union’s tragic attempt to enforce Communist ideology on Ukrainian farmers in the 1930s led to devastating famine. Historian Timothy Snyder, in his 2010 book Bloodlands, explores how the “Holodomor” (a Ukrainian term meaning “to kill by starvation”) resulted from Stalin’s policies. Snyder also highlights how starvation was used as a weapon by the Nazis, affecting not only prisoners of war but also Jews in concentration camps and ghettos. This sobering history reveals how political decisions, rather than mere scarcity, often drive profound human suffering.

The issue of overpopulation also led to drastic measures, such as China’s one-child policy, resulting in a tragic legacy of state-sponsored abortions and the abandonment of many infants. The documentary One Child Nation delves into these dark times and the consequences of such policies, including a skewed gender ratio and an aging population. Recently, China has begun to renounce the one-child policy, acknowledging its long-term disastrous consequences, including a shortage of marriageable-age women and a deficit of children to support the workforce and care for the elderly.

Exploring the Historical Significance of Children to Human Civilization

Children have always been central to human societies. Archaeological studies, such as April Nowell’s work on the Pleistocene Ice Age, show that children actively pass down knowledge and culture, underscoring their role in shaping civilizations’ progress.

Religious texts like the Torah highlight the importance of family and the challenges of child-rearing. The Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible begins with the creation of Adam and Eve and includes the challenging tale of Cain and Abel. Despite their hardships, Adam and Eve’s determination to build their family continues through their son Seth, leading to the remarkable figure of Abraham. Abraham’s journey, including his marriage to Nahor’s widow Sarah and his care for his nephew Lot, is a compelling part of the Bible’s narrative.

The Torah follows the lives of the patriarchs—Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—each facing significant trials related to their families. Abraham navigates the tensions between his sons Isaac and Ishmael. Isaac deals with the sibling rivalry of his twin sons, Esau and Jacob, while Jacob grapples with the jealousy of his ten sons, who plot against their brother Joseph. The Torah weaves these family dynamics into its rich, complex narrative.

Stories such as Judah, Tamar, Ruth, and Boaz illustrate the Levirate law, stipulating that if a married man dies without children, his closest relative—often his brother—should marry the widow to continue the family line.

A recent visit to Shaker Village in the Berkshires revealed insights about the Shakers, a once-thriving Christian community known for their creativity and wisdom. However, their vow of celibacy ultimately led to their decline. Today, only the Hancock Shaker Village Museum remains, preserving their legacy.

The universal desire to have children transcends cultures and species. In Jewish tradition, the Talmud highlights that women, in particular, often experience a profound longing for children, which influences their religious practices and leads to exemptions from certain time-sensitive obligations due to the demands of pregnancy and childcare.

Parenthood, Loss, and the Cycle of Life

The experience of miscarriage is often understated, with personal grief frequently kept private. Initiatives like Le Groupe de partage L’Empreinte in Montreal recognize the need for formal spaces to grieve and support those who have experienced loss. Parenthood itself is a profound commitment, and declining birth rates in Western countries underscore the significance of this role.

In Judaism, the birth of a child is a moment of communal joy. Male infants are circumcised on the eighth day, signifying their inclusion in the covenant with G-d. Female children are also celebrated and named, marking their place in the community. These rituals reflect the deep emotional and cultural significance of children in society.

Embracing the Future with Compassion and Understanding

The abortion debate is intricate and multifaceted, touching on profound aspects of our existence, including life, autonomy, and responsibility. Navigating this complex issue requires empathy, respect, and a commitment to understanding diverse viewpoints.

In the quiet moments of my childhood, I grew up amidst a tapestry of Jewish traditions intertwined with secular education, each thread shaping who I am today. My journey from the familiar streets of Montreal to virtual classrooms and the revered Shiviti schools in Jerusalem has been one of deep exploration into my roots. As Shavuot approaches, I reflect on this often-overlooked holiday and its profound significance—not just for Jews, but for everyone.

Shavuot: A Moment of Universal Revelation

Shavuot, known as zman matan toratenu—the time of the giving of our Torah—marks a pivotal moment in human history. The story is recounted in Exodus 20:1-17, where G-d reveals the Torah at Mount Sinai. This event transcends a mere religious occurrence; it embodies universal principles beyond faith and culture. The choice of the wilderness for this revelation highlights that the teachings of the Torah are meant for all people, regardless of background or status. This concept resonates deeply with me, reinforcing that wisdom and teachings can emerge from the most unexpected places and are available to anyone willing to seek them out.

The Ten Commandments: A Blueprint for All

The Ten Commandments, or aseret hadibrot, are not solely directives for Jews but serve as a blueprint for a meaningful life, inspiring many across the globe. Delivered by G-d at Mount Sinai 50 days after the Israelites departed from Egypt, these commandments are part of a broader framework of 613 laws guiding human conduct.

Consider Leviticus 19:35-36, which addresses fair business practices. This passage echoes the eighth Commandment about not bearing false witness and the ninth about not stealing:

“You shall not commit a perversion of justice with measures, weights, or liquid measures. You shall have accurate scales and weights.”

In Canada, where honesty in business is highly valued, these ancient principles still resonate today. They remind us of the deep roots of our values of truthfulness and fairness—principles essential for a just society.

Another fundamental teaching involves the fair treatment and prompt payment of workers, linking back to the commandments against theft and false testimony:

“Do not withhold the workers’ wage with you until morning.” (Leviticus 19:13).

“Do not extort the impoverished wage… Each day, you shall pay him his wage—the sun shall not rise upon it—for he is poor, and he has staked his life for it.” (Deuteronomy 24:14-15)

These commandments, including those against theft and lying, connect with the tenth Commandment against coveting. Unchecked desires can lead to significant societal issues, as history has shown with the exploitation and suffering during the Nazi regime. Books like Amos Elon’s The Pity of It All reveal how misunderstanding and mistreatment of any community can have devastating consequences, underscoring the universal relevance of these teachings.

The First Five Commandments: A Universal Connection with the Divine

The first five commandments focus on our relationship with G-d, yet their core principles resonate universally. They begin with prohibitions against other gods and idolatry, emphasizing respect for the Divine and our unique covenant.

In the Sinai desert, G-d revealed Himself not as a demanding ruler but as a compassionate force, contrasting with the Egyptian pharaohs who sought worship. Instead of creating idols, G-d calls us to embrace ideals of love, compassion, and justice—universal principles deeply relevant to everyone.

Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks reminds us that true freedom requires more than just the overthrow of tyranny:

“Freedom is not won by merely overthrowing a tyrannical ruler or an oppressive regime. That is usually only the prelude to a new tyranny, a new oppression. True freedom requires the rule of law and justice.”¹

The Torah’s laws aim to improve human lives, not merely serve divine interests. For instance, the prohibition against making images of G-d teaches us to focus on love and justice rather than material representations. These ideals can guide anyone in their quest for a better world.

The Sabbath, a cherished gift from G-d, highlights the importance of rest and reflection. It’s not merely a day off; it’s a time to recharge, reconnect, and appreciate what truly matters:

“Remember the Sabbath Day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath unto the Lord your God…”

Another vital commandment, honouring our parents, underscores their role in passing down essential values. This theme resonates with the universal principle of valuing and respecting those who guide and nurture us.

Celebrating Shavuot: A Universal Invitation

As Shavuot arrives, Jewish communities worldwide will gather for all-night Torah study sessions. This tradition, rich with history, brings the holiday’s significance to life. One of my favourite stories is of Rabbi Akiva, who, when challenged to summarize the Torah while standing on one leg, responded:

“Do not do unto others what you would not want them to do unto you. The rest is commentary.”

The Baal Shem Tov, a 17th-century Hassidic leader, taught that understanding the Torah extends beyond study—it’s also about celebrating with good food, drink, laughter, song, and dance. Shavuot is a time for deep analysis, coming together with family and friends, sharing traditions, and finding joy in our heritage. This spirit of celebration and reflection can inspire anyone, regardless of their background.

Legacy of the Torah: A Guiding Light for All

For centuries, the Torah has been a guiding light for the Jewish people, offering principles of freedom, joy, and prosperity. Its teachings provide a universal roadmap for living a life filled with meaning and purpose. As we celebrate Shavuot, let’s deepen our connection with these timeless principles, seeking wisdom and understanding as we strive to build a world rooted in justice, compassion, and love. May this celebration inspire us all to grow, connect, and transform throughout the year.

FOOTNOTE:

1. Sacks, Jonathan. Passover’s Lessons for Freedom Fighters. The Rabbinical Council of America, 2012.

Navigating the complexities of human existence often brings us to the intersection of politics, science, and religion—a trio that has profoundly shaped our world. Recent global events, notably the COVID-19 pandemic, have highlighted a timeless truth: no one is safe until everyone is safe. This universal reality underscores our collective responsibility and the deep interconnectedness of our lives.

A Collective Journey

Reflecting on the past year, I’ve explored the rich tapestry of European and Jewish culture and ideology through Lockdown University—an unexpected gem born from the pandemic’s constraints. What started as daily Zoom seminars evolved into a deeper examination of historical conflicts. From the age-old tensions between Christianity and Judaism to the cultural legacy of the Hapsburg Empire, this journey has been eye-opening.

One particularly memorable seminar examined how the Enlightenment’s philosophical questioning parallels our contemporary debates on science and faith. This comparison resonated deeply, prompting reflection on my journey to integrate secular knowledge with Jewish teachings.

The Hapsburg Empire: Echoes of History

The Hapsburg dynasty, which reigned from 1438 to 1918, faced challenges that echo our contemporary struggles. Their experiences offer valuable lessons:

• The Bubonic Plague: Just as the Hapsburgs grappled with a devastating plague, we’ve faced a global health crisis. The striking parallels remind us of the enduring nature of such challenges.
• Religious Wars: Past conflicts echo today’s divisions. Reflecting on these historical tensions reminds me of fostering dialogue and understanding across different faiths.
• The Enlightenment: This era’s emphasis on philosophical questioning mirrors our current debates on the relationship between science and religion. This reflection has deepened my engagement with both disciplines.
• Political and Fiscal Struggles: The Hapsburgs’ battles with governance and economic stability resonate with today’s challenges, providing historical context that helps me appreciate the complexity of modern political and financial systems.

The Talmudic Wisdom: Emotion Meets Reason

The teachings of the Talmud find a meaningful balance between emotion and reason. The debates among the Talmudic scholars about whether knowledge comes from the heart or the brain remind us that both are essential. This idea feels especially relevant today when emotional and rational perspectives often seem at odds.

One of the stories that resonates with me is about a famous rabbinic dispute over the kashrut (fitness) of an oven. The scholars’ handling of their disagreement, focusing on collective wisdom and showing humility in their decision-making process, inspires me to be more open-minded and collaborative in my own choices.

Another example is their exploration of questions like “Where do the rains come from?” This curiosity and willingness to learn from different disciplines remind me of the importance of staying open to new ideas and learning from various sources.

The Seven Laws of Noah: A Universal Blueprint

The Torah offers a simple yet powerful guide for living together in peace through the Seven Laws of Noah. These principles remind us to:

• Recognize a Higher Power
• Value and protect life
• Treat animals kindly
• Be honest and respect others’ property
• Honour relationships and family
• Uphold justice and fairness

These timeless values can help us build a better world, offering guidance on navigating today’s challenges with compassion and integrity.

Looking Ahead

As 2022 begins, I’m inspired to embrace continuous learning, combat injustice, and promote empathy in every interaction. The past year’s challenges have taught me the power of growth and the importance of being part of the solution.

Let’s carry these lessons into the new year, working together to create a more just and compassionate world.

Wishing you a Happy New Year filled with hope and positive change.

To enroll in Lockdown University classes, email info@lockdownuniversity.org to be added to their subscriber list. Once subscribed, you will receive a weekly schedule with class details and links.

Hanukkah, or the Festival of Lights, is always a special time for Jewish families around the world. It’s a moment to pause and celebrate the warmth of tradition and the joy of togetherness. For me, Hanukkah has always been a time of reflection and connection, a reminder of resilience and hope that brings us closer as a community.

The heart of Hanukkah is found in its simple yet profound rituals:

• Lighting the candles: This is often done with care, such as placing the menorah in the window or by the doorpost if you’re in Israel. Each night, the candles are added individually, and as they flicker, they bring a sense of anticipation and joy.
• Reciting blessings: Before and after lighting the candles, we say four brief but meaningful blessings, setting the tone for the evening.
• Creating a festive atmosphere: Hanukkah is about more than just the rituals; it’s a time for games, storytelling, and delicious meals with loved ones.

One of the most magical aspects of Hanukkah is the music. As you arrange the candles, the process becomes almost rhythmic from the first night to the eighth. It’s a dance of light and melody that adds a special touch to the celebration.

After lighting the candles and reciting the Hanerot Halalu prayer, we share a heartfelt reminder with everyone. The glowing candles symbolize more than just light; they represent hope and past miracles.

“We light these candles to commemorate the miracles, deliverances, and wonders you performed for our ancestors through your holy priests. Throughout the eight days of Chanukah, these lights hold sacred significance. It is forbidden to use them for mundane purposes; rather, we gaze upon them to express gratitude for your miracles, deliverances, and wonders.”

As the timeless melody of Maoz Tsur fills the room, it’s hard not to feel uplifted and united in praise.

Then comes the best part—food! As our sages say, “No celebration is complete without sustenance to nourish body and soul.”

The latkes, with their crispy edges and golden hue, are a nod to the oil miracle, while the sufganiyot, with their sweet, gooey centers, remind us of the many blessings in our lives.

So, why not gather around a festive meal and share stories, laughter, and the joy of being together?

As our celebration draws close, the warmth of community and tradition stays with us. Let’s carry the spirit of Hanukkah in our hearts throughout the year, lighting up our lives with its warmth and brightness.

No matter how you spell it—Chanukah, Chanukkah, Hanukah, Hannukah, Chanuka, Chanukkah, Hanuka, Hanukka, or Chanukka—may the glow of the candles, the melody of blessings, and the taste of delicious food fill your home with happiness and peace.

Wishing you all a joyous Festival of Lights! Happy Chanukah!

Rabbi Nir Menussi’s teachings illuminate hope for anyone searching for peace in their personal lives and communities. Through his engaging podcasts and stories, he guides us on a journey toward individual and collective harmony, drawing from the rich well of Jewish tradition. Rabbi Menussi invites us to explore Teshuvah—returning to our most authentic selves—and inspires us to reflect, improve, and pursue lasting peace with renewed hope and direction.

Hanukkah, the festival celebrating the triumph of light over darkness, resonates deeply with our ongoing quest for global harmony. Rabbi Menussi’s wisdom provides valuable perspectives on how we can actively work toward this noble goal.

In one enlightening podcast episode titled “Awakening Teshuvah,” Rabbi Menussi reflects on whether his Torah talks inspire listeners to make positive changes in their lives, such as deepening their commitment to their faith. He shares:

“People awaken to Teshuvah – self-improvement and spiritual growth – not when censured or rebuked, but when they are helped to recognize their sins on their own.

There is something inherently paradoxical about the awakening of Teshuvah. On the one hand, it must start from within. On the other hand, only the chick knows when to break out of its egg. If someone tries to hatch the egg prematurely, its growth can be ruined. This is what criticism and rebuke often do: they make a person shrink back, thereby hindering their development. Because Teshuvah entails the unpleasant realization that we’re not living optimally, we react with defense mechanisms. These can manifest as either self-justification or self-flagellation. In either case, the result is the same: we further entrench ourselves in our everyday lifestyle and don’t change.”

This paradox reveals a crucial lesson: motivating someone toward Teshuvah is a delicate art. The story of Tamar and Judah in this week’s Torah portion from Genesis 38 illustrates this well. Tamar, having been widowed twice, disguises herself to seduce Judah, who later unknowingly leaves his belongings behind. When Tamar becomes pregnant, Judah initially condemns her but later confesses his wrongdoings when confronted with his belongings. Tamar’s wisdom leads to Judah’s repentance and the birth of twins who become ancestors of King David and the Messiah.

The Path of Self-Improvement

Our journey toward Teshuvah—a path of self-improvement and spiritual growth—begins not with criticism but with understanding. Those who guide us must also work on improving themselves. Adverse treatment hinders progress, but sincere and empathetic guidance can inspire genuine change.

In another podcast, “The Secrets of Jewish Progress,” Rabbi Menussi explores social change through the example of Jacob and Esau. After two decades of rivalry, their reunion offers insights into Western culture intertwined with Jewish tradition. He reflects:

“The king is dead; long live the king!”

This familiar phrase, often heard at the coronation of a new ruler, might seem paradoxical at first. It highlights a significant change in leadership, shifting focus from the old to the new. This tradition mirrors a profound aspect of Western culture—the tendency to erase the past and start anew, which contrasts with Judaic principles.

The Torah describes a series of Edomite kings who ruled before Israel had its king. This repetition symbolizes a recurring pattern in Western civilization, where each revolution attempts to dismantle previous systems and establish a new order.

From Revolutions to Reckonings

History shows a pattern of revolutions replacing old regimes with new ones, each seemingly representing the peak of progress. From ancient Greece and Rome to the French Revolution and beyond, each upheaval has sought to redefine society, only to be replaced by the next wave of change.

Today, we face the consequences of recent revolutions:

• The rapid adoption of smartphones has led to increased screen time for children and remedies like YouTube Kids.
• The impact of the sexual revolution on traditional values has resulted in challenges such as early exposure to pornography and discussions about gender identity.

These examples highlight the evolving landscape of our society and the challenges we face as we navigate the aftermath of past revolutions.

My Own Slow Pace

Esau’s story illustrates a recurring pattern of impulsiveness and regret. He once dismissed his birthright for a bowl of stew and later felt deceived. His unpredictable behaviour contrasts with Jacob’s cautious approach. Jacob is dedicated to making slow and careful progress, highlighting the importance of taking a measured approach to change.

“I will move at my own slow pace.” Jacob’s commitment to eschew impulsivity is unwavering, despite sharing similar aspirations with his brother Esau, who has an inclination towards the allure of immediate gratification. Fear of neglecting critical considerations drives Jacob’s cautious approach as he navigates the pursuit of his ambitions. Two distinct factors contribute to Jacob’s deliberate strategy: “According to the pace of the work that is before me” and “According to the pace of the children.”

This cautious approach to progress is a hallmark of Jewish thought. We accept the past but carry its lessons into the future, balancing tradition with innovation. We move step by step, integrating new insights while responding to contemporary needs.

As the Sages say, “The innovator has the lower hand.” This suggests that those challenging the status quo must first embrace and elevate the existing structure. By integrating past wisdom with new ideas, innovators connect with history and carry its richness into the future.

Footnotes

1. Caschetta, A.J. “Lessons from London: You Can’t Fix Jihad.” The Hill, 26 Feb. 2020, www.thehill.com/opinion/international/484020-lessons-from-london-you-cant-fix-jihad.
2. Menussi, Nir. Awakening Teshuvah. Podcast, www.examplepodcasturl.com/awakening-teshuvah.
3. Menussi, Nir. The Secrets of Jewish Progress. Podcast, www.examplepodcasturl.com/secrets-of-jewish-progress.

Many cherish Hanukkah, a holiday filled with the comforting smell of latkes, the lively clatter of dreidel games, and the warm, inviting glow of the menorah. While the story of the Maccabees’ brave revolt against the Greeks is well-known, a lesser-known chapter in Hanukkah’s history adds a profound layer of meaning to this beloved holiday.

A Meeting of Legends: A Glimpse into the Past

In the ancient city of Jerusalem, as dawn’s first light softly embraced the city, an extraordinary encounter unfolded. Alexander the Great’s formidable army approached the city gates, but instead of a confrontation, something remarkable happened. The High Priest, adorned in resplendent garments that shimmered in the early morning light, led a procession of priests through Jerusalem’s narrow, winding streets. Holding torches aloft, their faces reflected a blend of solemnity and hope. To everyone’s astonishment, Alexander dismounted his chariot and bowed before the High Priest—a gesture of respect that would become one of the most captivating episodes in Jerusalem’s rich tapestry of history.

The Maccabees: Who Were They?

To truly appreciate Hanukkah, it’s essential to delve into the story of the Maccabees, a group of Jewish rebels who lived during the 2nd century BCE. Led by Judah Maccabee and his brothers, who hailed from a priestly family in Judea (modern-day Israel), the Maccabees were fierce defenders of their faith and heritage. Their name, “Maccabee,” is believed to derive from the Hebrew word for “hammer,” symbolizing their strength and resilience. They led a revolt against the Seleucid Empire, a Greek dynasty that ruled much of the Near East, including Judea.

175 BCE: Strife, Division, and Triumph

Fast forward to 175 BCE, a period marked by intense strife and division among the Greeks. Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the ruler of the northern Greek faction, launched an invasion of Judea. His actions, heavily influenced by the Hellenizing Jewish faction in Jerusalem, plunged the region into turmoil. As the historian Flavius Josephus records:

“The king being there to disposed, complied with them, and came upon the Jews with a great army, and took their city by force, and slew a great multitude of those that favored Ptolemy, and sent out his soldiers to plunder them without mercy; he also spoiled the temple, and put a stop to the constant practice of offering a daily sacrifice of expiation for three years and six months.” ¹

This Hellenizing faction embraced Greek culture and ideas, causing deep divisions within the Jewish community. They supported the imposition of Greek customs in Jerusalem and transformed the Temple into a center for Greek worship. This cultural and religious erosion threatened the very essence of Jewish identity and faith, setting the stage for the Maccabees’ revolt—a struggle to preserve Jewish practices and beliefs.

The Maccabees’ Resistance: A Struggle for Identity

Amidst the darkness of these times, the Maccabees’ bravery shone brightly. Their miraculous victory over the Seleucid Empire was a triumph of military might and a testament to divine intervention and unwavering faith. The Maccabees fought to restore Jewish religious practices that had been outlawed and to cleanse and rededicate the desecrated Temple in Jerusalem. This rededication is at the heart of Hanukkah, a holiday that celebrates physical and spiritual victories.

The Heart of Hanukkah: Celebrating Miracles with ‘Al Hanissim’

One of the most cherished aspects of Hanukkah is the singing of “Al Hanissim” after lighting the menorah. This song, far more than just a festive tune, captures the essence of the holiday. It celebrates the miraculous victory of the Maccabees, attributing their success to divine intervention rather than mere military prowess.

“You delivered the strong into the hands of the weak, the many into the hands of the few, the impure into the hands of the pure, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and the insolent into the hands of those who engage in Your Torah.” ²

This beautiful prayer reflects on the rededication of the Temple and the revival of the Jewish faith, reminding us of the strength, courage, and devotion that define our heritage.

From Hellenistic Culture to Jewish Resilience: The Lasting Impact

Even in the wake of their victory, the influence of Hellenistic culture did not vanish overnight. A century later, the Romans—heirs to Greek traditions—came to control Judea after King Herod’s death. The destruction of the Grand Temple in 70 AD marked the beginning of a long and painful period of Jewish exile. Some rabbis even debated whether Hanukkah should continue to be observed after this tragic event. Yet, voices like that of Rabbi Jonathan Sacks argued for preserving the holiday, viewing it as a symbol of resilience and hope:

“Hanukkah is not just a celebration of a past victory but a reminder of the enduring power of hope and faith.” ³

A Light for Future Generations

Hanukkah is more than a celebration of past victories; it’s a testament to the enduring strength and faith of the Jewish people. It’s about keeping the light of hope alive for future generations, no matter the challenges we face.

As you light the menorah this Hanukkah, take a moment to reflect on the strength and resilience of those who came before us. Let their courage inspire you to bring light into your life and share that with others. How will you keep the spirit of Hanukkah alive in your daily life?

To capture the spirit of Hanukkah, this acapella video beautifully encapsulates the uplifting message of the holiday.

FOOTNOTES:

1. Josephus, Flavius. The Antiquities of the Jews. Translated by William Whiston, Project Gutenberg, 2008, www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2848.
2. “Al Hanissim.” Chabad.org, www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/371618/jewish/Al-Hanissim.htm.
3. “The Hidden Story of Chanukah.” Keynote address by Chief Rabbi Lord Sacks, Bushey Synagogue, 20 Oct. 2012. Bushey Synagogue, www.busheysynagogue.org.uk/video/hidden-story-chanukah.

In the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas, a flood of misinformation clouds the truth. This isn’t just a distant debate; it’s a struggle with real-life consequences, shaping perceptions and affecting communities worldwide. The rising tide of antisemitic rhetoric demands our attention, and it’s crucial to confront these falsehoods with truth and compassion. The impact is deeply personal and far-reaching, harming individuals and communities alike.

Bradley Martin’s article, The Soviet Roots of Far-Left Antisemitism, serves as an essential resource for understanding why antisemitism persists today. The Soviet Union’s Cold War strategy, which included supporting certain Middle Eastern groups and influencing the Palestine Liberation Organization’s charter, wasn’t just about geopolitical maneuvering. It planted seeds of distrust and animosity that continue to affect today’s conflicts and political discourse.

When prestigious universities like Oxford, Columbia, and Yale grapple with antisemitism, it becomes clear how deep and pervasive this problem is. This issue is not merely academic or political; it speaks to how we treat each other as human beings. Understanding the roots of this hatred allows us to address it with the empathy and seriousness it deserves.

The Personal Impact of Antisemitism

Misinformation about Israel and Judaism isn’t just abstract; it has genuine consequences for our communities. Harmful myths like “Zionism is racism” or “Israel is an apartheid state” fuel prejudice, discrimination, and even violence. The often-misattributed quote, “If you tell a lie big enough and keep repeating it, people will eventually come to believe it,” reveals the insidious power of persistent false narratives.

In 2023, the Anti-Defamation League reported a significant rise in antisemitic incidents worldwide, including acts of vandalism and harassment. The defacement of Jewish cemeteries in cities across the globe is not just a random act of hate—it’s a direct result of the spread of lies and misinformation. What may begin as rhetoric has real-world consequences, leading to dangerous cycles of violence and discrimination.

But what drives this hatred? To truly understand, we must delve into the ideologies that fuel these prejudices.

Understanding Ideological Roots

In Not In God’s Name: Confronting Religious Violence, Rabbi Jonathan Sacks urges us to consider how ideologies can distort our moral compass, leading us down paths of violence—a phenomenon he terms “altruistic evil.” He explains how extremist groups manipulate our natural desire to do good, twisting noble intentions into harmful beliefs that deepen prejudices.

Rabbi Sacks also examines the “us against them” mentality, which many of us have encountered in different forms. This mindset promotes hostility toward outsiders and encourages scapegoating, trapping communities in cycles of victimhood that stifle growth. By contrasting dualism—seeing the world as a battle between good and evil—with monotheism, which recognizes that each person is capable of good and bad actions, Rabbi Sacks offers a path toward mutual understanding and peace.

Moreover, he explores how antisemitism has been used to justify wrongs against Jews and Israel. These false narratives distort reality and deepen divisions. Rabbi Sacks warns that embracing a victim mentality ultimately undermines our shared humanity, a lesson we must heed as we navigate the complexities of modern life.

Pathways to Reconciliation

While these ideologies can feel deeply entrenched, history shows reconciliation is possible. Rabbi Sacks highlights the historic shift in relations between the Jewish community and the Vatican after the Holocaust as a powerful model for healing. The Nostra Aetate Declaration of 1965 was not just a symbolic gesture; it marked a profound change, demonstrating that even deeply rooted issues can be addressed with courage and dialogue.

In Jewish tradition, the concept of “teshuvah”—repentance or reconsideration—offers a way forward. It reminds us that even the most profound divisions can be healed with sincere effort and commitment. In a world increasingly divided by misinformation and hatred, teshuvah teaches us that reconciliation is always within reach—but only if we are willing to seek it.

Footnote:

1. Martin, Bradley. “The Soviet Roots of Far-Left Antisemitism.” Newsweek, 18 May 2022, www.newsweek.com/soviet-roots-far-left-antisemitism-opinion-1707931.
2. “Not in God’s Name: Confronting Religious Violence” by Rabbi Jonathan Sacks was published by Schocken Books in 2015.

Shavuot, known for commemorating the “Giving of the Torah,” is a significant moment in the Jewish calendar. It marks when the Jewish people entered a sacred covenant with G-d, receiving the Torah on Mount Sinai. While the holiday might seem understated today, its core message holds timeless significance. The image of Moses receiving the Torah and the collective embrace of this divine gift represents a bond that transcends time and tradition.

An Inclusive Celebration for All

Shavuot embodies a profoundly inclusive celebration. It’s a time when our community—no matter our age or background—comes together in unity. I vividly remember attending a Shavuot service where everyone shared a sense of anticipation and connection, from the youngest child to the eldest member. The phrase “those who are here today and those who are not yet here” beautifully encapsulates this spirit. It reminds us of our links to the present, future generations, and those who have come before us.

Moses’ address to the people highlights this inclusivity: “atem nitzavim hayom kulchem”—“You are standing today, all of you, before the Lord your God: your leaders, your tribes, your elders and your officers, all the men of Israel, your little ones, your wives, and the stranger who is in your camp, from the one who chops your wood to the one who draws your water.” He emphasizes, “I am making this covenant, with its oath, not only with you who stand here with us today before the Lord our God but also with those who are not here with us today.” This sense of inclusiveness isn’t just a historical note; it’s a living principle that continues to shape our identities and relationships today.

The Awe-Inspiring Revelation on Mount Sinai

Contemplating Moses climbing Mount Sinai to receive the Torah evokes a profound sense of awe. When he returned, the people were eager to receive this divine gift. In Exodus 19:5-6, G-d promises Moses that if the Israelites adhere to His commandments, they will become a treasured possession and a kingdom of priests. This promise depends on their acceptance of G-d’s terms:

“And Moses went up to God, and the Lord called to him from the mountain, saying, ‘Thus shall you say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel: You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles’ wings, and brought you unto Myself. Now therefore, if you will obey My voice indeed, and keep My covenant, then you shall be a peculiar treasure unto Me above all people: for all the earth is Mine. And you shall be unto Me a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation. These are the words which you shall speak unto the children of Israel.'”

The Collective Embrace of Torah

A remarkable aspect of this moment is how the Torah was intended for everyone. Unlike ancient hieroglyphs reserved for a select few, the Torah was meant to be accessible to all. Moses was instructed to share it with the elders, who then passed it on to every individual in Israel. This inclusivity ensures every community member is part of this sacred tradition—a true kingdom of priests.

The Israelites’ acceptance of the Torah in the wilderness prompts reflection: Was their consent genuine, given their circumstances? Shavuot’s annual renewal reminds us of our continuous commitment to these principles.

As the mountain thundered and the people witnessed the giving of the Commandments, the experience was awe-inspiring and unifying: “All the people saw the thunder and the lightning, the sound of the horn, and the mountain smoking.”

Renewing Our Connection

Shavuot provides us with an opportunity to reaffirm our connection to the Torah. Traditionally, we gather to read the Ten Commandments and the Book of Ruth. This year, despite pandemic restrictions, our community adapted by finding creative ways to honour the tradition. I participated in a special Torah study session, limited to a small group. Rabbi Eliyahu Gateno’s explanation of the Ten Commandments’ arrangement clarified their relevance to our daily lives.

The first tablet focuses on our relationship with G-d, addressing the importance of honouring Him, avoiding idolatry, and keeping the Sabbath. The second tablet deals with interpersonal ethics, including prohibitions against murder, theft, adultery, false witness, and coveting.

Understanding the arrangement and implications of these commandments has profound significance. For example, the commandment against coveting highlights the psychological aspect of human nature, reminding us to overcome envy and cultivate contentment.

Embracing the Spirit of Shavuot

As we celebrate Shavuot, we renew our commitment to the Torah and the values that unite us. This holiday encourages reflection, study, and strengthening community bonds. By deeply engaging with these teachings, we ensure that Shavuot’s lessons resonate in our lives today and continue to guide us in the future. Whether you are Jewish or not, the principles of Shavuot offer a universal message of inclusivity, commitment, and the importance of shared values.

Footnotes:

1. Generations Yet Unborn Are Watching, Sunday, September 15, 2013
2. The Shadow of the Mountain: Consent and Coercion at Sinai By Gerald Blitstein
3. Sefaria: Seeing sound making sense of Sinai offers a collection of the many oral Torah explications over the centuries and within our own time about seeing and hearing the voices and sounds at Sinai.

Purim commemorates the rescue of the Jewish people from a plot to annihilate them, as recorded in the Hebrew Bible’s Book of Esther. The story involves a Persian official named Haman, who seeks to exterminate the Jewish population of Persia. However, his plans are foiled by Esther, a Jewish queen, and her cousin Mordecai.

The story of Purim serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of antisemitism and the abuse of power. It highlights the risks of discrimination and prejudice and shows the devastating impact when these harmful mindsets influence those in power. The holiday is observed with readings of the Book of Esther, joyous gatherings, and charitable contributions, providing an opportunity to reflect on its deep moral and historical importance.

The Salvation of the Jews: How Mordechai and Esther Foiled Haman’s Plot in Ancient Persia

Haman, the second-in-command to King Ahasuerus of the Persian Empire, persuaded the king to issue a decree that would lead to the killing of all Jews living in the 127 lands of the Persian Empire. However, his evil plan was thwarted by Mordechai and Esther, whose courage and strategic actions saved their people. The entire story is recounted in the Megillah, or the Scroll of Esther, read annually in Jewish homes and synagogues worldwide.

“When Haman saw that Mordechai would neither kneel nor prostrate himself before him, Haman became full of wrath. But it seemed contemptible to him to lay hands on Mordechai alone, for they had told him Mordechai’s nationality, and Haman sought to destroy all the Jews who were throughout Ahasuerus’s entire kingdom, Mordechai’s people.”

Haman said to King Ahasuerus:

“There is a certain people scattered and separate among the peoples throughout all the provinces of your kingdom, and their laws differ from [those of] every people, and they do not keep the king’s laws; it is [therefore] of no use for the king to let them be. If it pleases the king, let it be written to destroy them, and I will weigh out ten thousand silver talents into the hands of those who perform the work to bring [it] into the king’s treasuries.”

The king took the ring off his hand, gave it to Haman, and said to him:

“The silver is given to you and the people to do to them as it pleases you.”

Understanding Prejudice: The Resilience and Targeting of the Jewish Community

Haman’s actions reflect a timeless pattern of targeting Jews based on lies and misconceptions—patterns that have persisted throughout history. Prejudice often stems from personal biases and assumptions rather than facts. Jews, known for coexisting with diverse civilizations for over two thousand years, have faced discrimination despite their commitment to societal laws and values, including respect for authority.

Many biases are based on stereotypes that inaccurately paint all group members with the same brush. This leads to harmful misconceptions, allowing prejudice to thrive. The Jewish community has been frequently targeted due to financial motives and misinformation, a narrative that echoes from Haman’s era to modern times.

Purim’s Universal Message Against Discrimination

While Purim specifically commemorates Jewish survival, its themes resonate universally. The story underscores resilience against persecution and serves as a narrative that mirrors the experiences of many minority groups, including Black people, Indigenous populations, immigrants, and other ethnic minorities. Discrimination’s destructive impact is a shared human experience, emphasizing the importance of confronting hatred in all its forms.

“You have got to be taught to hate and fear. You have got to be carefully taught.”

The Roots of Nazi Antisemitism and Modern Prejudice

Haman’s hatred found echoes in history, most notably in Nazi antisemitism. The Nazis falsely accused Jews of plotting against Germany, blaming them for the country’s defeat in World War I. Despite their service and sacrifice—100,000 Jews served in the German military during World War I—their loyalty was met with suspicion and violence.

Historical myths like the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, a fabricated text claiming Jewish control over global finances, have fueled dangerous stereotypes. These ideas have no basis in reality yet continue to influence modern antisemitic narratives. The consequences are seen in ongoing slanders against Jews, accusations against prominent figures, and baseless conspiracy theories about Jewish control.

Deborah Lipstadt, a scholar of genocide and the Holocaust, explains how antisemitism operates differently from other forms of racism:

“The racist ‘punches down’ and loathes persons of colour because they are apparently ‘lesser than’ the white person… In contrast, the antisemite’ punches up.’ The Jew is supposedly more powerful, ingenious, and financially adept than the non-Jew. Neither of these is true; they separate and isolate one group from the other.”

These historical patterns underline the persistent need to combat prejudice, not only against Jews but against all marginalized groups.

Lessons from the Megillah Text and the Joy of Purim Celebration

The Megillah offers insights into social dynamics and human behaviour, portraying characters with varied motivations and moralities. These timeless lessons continue to inspire us and remind us of the importance of standing up against discrimination.

Above all, Purim is a celebration of resilience. Today, we dress in costumes, exchange gifts, give to the poor, and come together in joy and solidarity. It is a day to reflect on our shared humanity and the enduring fight against hate.

The story of Mordechai and Esther reminds us of the ongoing threats of antisemitism and the abuse of power. As we celebrate Purim, let us commit to standing against all forms of injustice, ensuring that our communities remain strong and resilient in the face of adversity.

Happy Purim!

Living with two calendars, the Julian and Jewish, is a testament to the rich tapestry of cultural and historical influences that shape the human experience. The Julian calendar, originating in Roman governance, provides a global standard for secular timekeeping. In contrast, the Hebrew calendar offers a distinctly Jewish perspective rooted in ancient traditions. These calendars operate on different principles—one solar and the other lunar—that intersect and diverge, reflecting the complexities of navigating identity, heritage, and time. By exploring the coexistence of these calendars, we can appreciate the diversity of human civilization and how deeply time influences our lives.

Julian Calendar: Universal Standard

The Julian calendar was created by Julius Caesar in 45 BCE to establish a standardized system. Before its introduction, regional calendars were determined by Rome’s political leaders, resulting in a need for global synchronization. The Julian calendar aimed to address this issue by providing a universally applicable framework. Initially adopted by the Roman Empire, it eventually gained acceptance worldwide, significantly influencing how we currently understand and organize our time.

Hebrew Calendar: Ancient Traditions

In contrast, the Jewish calendar traces its origins back to Moses, as outlined in the Torah, during the Jewish community’s time in Egypt. Rooted in lunar cycles, this calendar continues to serve as the guiding framework for the Jewish year, maintaining its influence over time.

“The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt: This month shall mark for you the beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year for you.” (Exodus 12:2)

According to the Jewish historical timeline, this specific date corresponds to 2448 on the Jewish calendar or 1313 BCE. Much like the Julian calendar, the Jewish calendar is attuned to the natural seasons, serving as a reliable reference for agricultural events, holidays, and commemorations. This alignment facilitates the coordination of plantings and harvests with various pilgrimage holidays, including Passover, Sukkot, Shavuot, and other significant dates.

Multiple New Year Celebrations

The Jewish calendar includes four New Year celebrations, each with a specific purpose. This is similar to the multiple New Year designations in the modern American calendar, such as the traditional New Year on January 1st, a tax-related New Year, the government’s fiscal New Year in October, and the beginning of the public school year in September.

The first New Year falls on the first day of Nissan, which is in the spring. This New Year is linked to the Passover holiday, symbolizing Israel’s liberation from Egyptian slavery.

The second New Year occurs in Elul, the sixth lunar month after Passover, usually in late summer. It focuses on economic matters such as animal and vegetable tithes and marks the start of the Sabbatical year (7th) and the Jubilee year (50th). While these practices may hold limited contemporary significance, they are still documented by Rabbis and halachic authorities.

The third New Year is the first day of Tishrei, the seventh month, most commonly recognized as Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year.

Finally, the fourth New Year is Tu B’Shvat, observed on the fifteenth day of Shvat, which usually falls between January and February. Tu B’Shvat serves as the New Year for trees and is widely celebrated globally as a minor Jewish holiday. In Israel, it marks the onset of new sap and the blossoming of spring trees. The tradition of a Tu B’Shvat seder, introduced by the Kabbalists of Tzfat, pays homage to the seven species mentioned in the Torah and underscores ecological and agricultural sustainability.

Living with the Julian and Hebrew calendars invites us to appreciate diverse perspectives on time. Each calendar reflects unique values, from the significance of Jewish holidays to universal milestones. By celebrating these narratives, we gain a deeper understanding of identity and tradition. This duality reminds us that time is more than just days and years; it connects our stories from the past to our future.

The Jewish tradition places great importance on words, stories, and prayer as they form the foundation of spiritual connection and communal identity. In May 2014, Rabbi Jonathan Sacks delivered a powerful speech at the inauguration of the National Library of Israel, where he emphasized the crucial role of language as the sacred conduit between human existence and divine infinity. In Judaism, language is considered a divine dialogue, where the Torah represents celestial discourse, and prayer is humanity’s reverent reply. Rabbi Sacks’ words serve as a testament to the enduring significance of this sacred interplay, guiding us toward a more profound understanding and spiritual fulfillment.

“It was that power of words, the gift of language, that was the greatest gift of all that  G-d gave to Adam and Adam alone.

This then becomes the “Gesher tzar me’od”– the very narrow bridge – that crosses the abyss between finite humanity and the infinity of G-d.
In short, Judaism is an ongoing conversation between that once-and-once-only divine voice that sounded at Sinai and the human interpretation of those words that has continued in every generation since. It is a great conversation that never ended.

The whole of Judaism is that ongoing “conversation” between Israel and G-d as to how we understand G-d’s word for all time to make it G-d’s word for our time.”¹

Foundations of Jewish Culture

Building on Rabbi Sacks’ insight, the Torah and the Siddur (Jewish prayer book) are the primary foundations of Jewish culture and civilization. The Torah narrates divine conversations with individuals, showcasing the dynamic relationship between humanity and G-d. At the same time, the Siddur becomes a vital tool for humans seeking to communicate with the divine.

The Torah contains detailed accounts of divine conversations with individuals, as documented in Genesis. These dialogues, from Adam in the Garden to Abraham and Rebecca, exemplify the dynamic relationship between humanity and G-d. Even in moments of struggle, such as when Rebecca inquires about the twins in her womb, G-d provides guidance and insight.

The children struggled together within her, and she said, ‘If it is thus, why is this happening to me?’ So she went to inquire of the Lord. And the Lord said to her, ‘Two nations are in your womb, and two peoples from within you shall be divided; the one shall be stronger than the other, and the older shall serve the younger.’²

Different Avenues of Communication with the Devine

There are various ways to communicate with G-d. This includes praying for things you need, such as when Isaac asked G-d to bless Rebecca with children. People have also received messages from G-d through dreams, as seen with Jacob and Joseph. The Book of Genesis teaches that G-d is always available to individuals during personal and family challenges.

And Isaac prayed to the Lord for his wife, because she was barren. And the Lord granted his prayer, and Rebecca his wife conceived.³

Teaching Prayer to Young Minds

Yael Zoldan discusses her children’s book on prayer, “When I Daven,” and suggests that even young children can grasp the basics of worship. By teaching them fundamental concepts such as gratitude, mindfulness, and awareness of the world around them, preschoolers can develop an appreciation for the essence of prayer.

At its core, prayer is an ongoing conversation and communication with the Divine. The Cantor, acting as the messenger of the people, expresses their thoughts and emotions in the communal space, embodying the essence of this sacred dialogue.

As we explore the texts of Judaism, from the stories in Genesis to the intricate prayers in the Siddur, we participate in a conversation that has endured for generations. Our ancestors communicated with the Divine, and we continue to engage in this holy discourse daily. Whether we pray privately, contemplate our thoughts, or worship in a community, prayer is evidence of the unbreakable bond between humanity and G-d.

Footnote:

“Rabbi Sacks: Home of the Book.” National Library of Israel, https://blog.nli.org.il/en/rabbi-sacks-home-of-the-book/.

“Parshat Toldot: Torah Reading.” Chabad.org, Chabad-Lubavitch Media Center, https://www.chabad.org/parshah/torahreading_cdo/aid/2492504/jewish/Toldot-Torah-Reading.htm.

The Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures. Jewish Publication Society, 1985. Sefaria, https://www.sefaria.org/Genesis.25?lang=en.

The Cantor, also known as the Chazan, plays a crucial role in the synagogue by representing the Jewish community’s voice in prayer. They express the congregation’s hopes and desires, enabling communication with the Divine. Rooted in ancient tradition, the Cantor’s role continues to evolve, remaining essential to the Jewish prayer experience through sacred melodies and meaningful words in the siddur.

The Evolution of Cantorial Music

The Jewish prayer experience is conveyed through the siddur, a prayer book containing a set sequence of prayers recited during religious services. Over the centuries, the siddur has developed, and each blessing is paired with traditional tunes that reflect various musical traditions. For example, European Cantors blend Hasidic, classical European, and operatic melodies to inspire worshippers.

Cantorial Influence in the United States

The United States has a rich history of Jewish cantorial services, notably enhanced by renowned figures like Leonard Bernstein and Arnold Schoenberg. In the early 1900s, these composers were commissioned to create music for synagogue services. After World War II, a participatory singing tradition emerged in U.S. synagogues, heavily influenced by folk music. Artists such as Shlomo Carlebach, Debbie Friedman, and Joey Weisenberg have further enriched this tradition.

A Prophetic Performance: Cantor Paul Heller’s Rendition

This rich tradition culminates in powerful performances like that of Cantor Paul Heller from Belsize Square Synagogue in London. At the European Cantors’ Convention open-mike concert, Cantor Heller delivers the traditional Unetaneh Tokef prayer, introducing it as especially fitting for the start of the new year (January 2020). In retrospect, his rendition takes on an eerily prophetic quality.

“As a shepherd seeketh out his flock and causeth each one to pass beneath his crook, so dost Thou G-d, review, number, and visit every living soul appointing the measure of every creature’s life and decreeing their destiny.”

“How many will die and how many will be born. Who will live and who will die. Who after a long life and who before his time. Who by fire and who by water. Who by sword and who by beast. Who by famine and who by plague. Who will be impoverished and who will be enriched. Who will be exalted, and who will be degraded…

But teshuva/reconsideration, tefillah/prayer, and tzedaka/righteous actions, have the potential to annul the severity of the decree.”

Notice how the audience instinctively joins in with the powerful and resounding refrain of teshuvah, tefillah, and tzedaka. This moment reminds us that our future depends not only on divine intervention but also on our actions—our willingness to reconsider, pray, and perform righteous deeds.

As Cantor Paul Heller performs the Unetaneh Tokef prayer, we are reminded of the enduring importance of Jewish prayer and its potential to inspire positive change. The repeated plea for teshuvah, tefillah, and tzedaka urges us to seek divine mercy and commit to self-reflection, prayer, and righteous actions. The Cantor’s voice, combined with the communal response, inspires hope and highlights that even in times of uncertainty, our fate is not solely determined by chance but also by our pursuit of goodness and justice. Ultimately, the Cantor’s role is to lead, unite, and inspire, reminding us that our actions can shape our destinies.

The connection between music and cantorial art is unbreakable. Cantorial music serves as a powerful tool for spiritual bonding, cultural identity, and artistic expression within the Jewish tradition. Over centuries, Jewish prayer services have developed a rich tapestry of melodies, chants, and singing techniques. This connection reveals how music can resonate deeply with the human mind and soul, illustrating the intricate relationship between artistry and neuroscience.

Recently, I listened to two fascinating CBC radio programs that explored music’s influence on our lives. One program focused on Frank Zappa’s groundbreaking compositions, while the other showcased Yo-Yo Ma’s moving performances. This exploration deepened my appreciation for music’s profound impact on our emotions, spirituality, and connection to cultural and religious traditions. It is evident that music is a universal language that connects with our humanity in profound and meaningful ways, from the melodic chants of the Torah to the powerful impact of Jewish music explored in Joey Weisenberg’s “The Torah of Music.”

Zappa’s Challenge

Frank Zappa effectively challenged the idea of strict musical rules. His talent for capturing the sounds of the 20th century in meaningful musical pieces resonated with the core of our existence. Even though I still need to become more familiar with his work, Zappa’s compositions unveiled a deep connection to the fabric of life. He once said, “If you believe there are rules to writing music that can’t be broken… you’re going to be a boring composer.”

Ma’s Melodic Comfort

Meanwhile, Yo-Yo Ma’s live cello performances during the pandemic emphasized music’s comforting and guiding role in navigating life’s transitions. As Ma played, the physical vibrations of sound became a palpable force, deeply resonating within us.

The Torah’s Melodic Chants

Music is a powerful art form that captures the essence of life through sound, emotion, nuance, and meaning. This significance is reflected in the Torah, where each word is accompanied by a specific musical score. When the Torah is chanted during congregational readings, the prescribed notation enhances the text’s meaning in a way that neither melody nor text alone can achieve. This underscores the inseparability of the Oral Torah and the written Torah, emphasizing the need to study and understand them together to gain complete clarity of meaning.

In his book, “The Torah of Music,” Joey Weisenberg comprehensively explores music’s role in Jewish culture.

“I wrote this book as a chizuk or strengthening of the spirit for musicians, community leaders, and others who, like myself, would like to learn more about the story of music as a Jewish spiritual practice and play some part in its unfolding narrative… I’ve found that singing has transcended barriers in the Jewish world, and increasingly outside of the Jewish world as well. Across all lines, music speaks and resonates and connects and deepens our human experience.

Music is a wordless prayer that opens up our imagination of the divine source of all life. Music, the most immaterial and ephemeral and yet most eternal of all the art forms, represents our connection to the Divine, to each other, to everything. We can’t see music, and we can’t grasp it in our hands, but yet we can feel it working through us and in the world. As our musical dreams go to work, we might similarly be able to imagine encountering the Divine “The Holy Blessedness that is over and above all blessings and songs.”¹

Immersing in Cantorial Artistry

My participation in the 2020 European Cantors’ Convention offered a unique opportunity to immerse myself in the rich tapestry of Jewish musical traditions. Organized by the Jewish Music Institute (JMI) in London, this event showcased the exceptional artistry of cantors and celebrated their contributions to the Jewish musical landscape.

During one tutorial led by Cantor Daniel Mutlu from Central Synagogue in Manhattan, he began with the phrase “es amo search shalom” (His nation he will bless with peace). The session seamlessly transitioned into the familiar hymn “l’cha dodi,” a respectful welcome to the Sabbath Queen. The Sabbath Queen is the feminine manifestation of God, Shechinah, and is an integral part of the Friday night service.

In a concert commemorating International Holocaust Remembrance Day on January 26, 2020, Chazzan Asher Heinowitz from Yeshurun Synagogue in Jerusalem performed a Yiddish lullaby with great sensitivity and poignancy:

“Shlof-zhe mir shoyn, Yankele, mayn sheyner,
Sleep already, my Yankele, my pretty,
Di Eygelekh, di shvartsinke makh tsu,
the eyes, those darkish eyes. do close
A yingele vos hot shoyn ale tseyndelekh,
a little boy who already has all his teeth
Muz nokh di mame zingen ay-lyu-lyu?
the mother still has to sing ay-lyu-lyu
A yingele, vos hot shoyn ale tseyndelekh,
a little boy who already has all his teeth
Un vert mit mazl bald in kheyder geyn,
and with any luck will soon be going to heder-school
Un lernen vet er khumesh un gemoro,
and will be learning khumesh-bible and gemoro-talmud
Zol veynen ven di mame vigt im on?
Still cries when mother rocks his cradle
A yingele, vos lernen vet gemoro,
a little boy who will be soon learning  Humash and Gemoro – Bible and Talmud
Ot shteyt der tate, kvelt un hert zikh tsu,
as his father swells with pride listening to him recite
A yingele vos vakst a talmid khokhem
a little boy becoming a talmid khokhem-a clever student 
Lozt gantse nekht der mamen nisht tsuru?
Still does not leave his mother any peace all night.

Vel kosten noch fil Mame’s treeren
It will cost your mother still many a tear
Bis vonen felt a mensch arof fun dir
Before you will become a “mentsch” – an upstanding adult!”

Music is a powerful force that connects us to each other and the divine. It can unite cultural differences and lift our spirits. My experiences with Jewish musical traditions, particularly during the European Cantors’ Convention, have reminded me of this. Music brings together different aspects of our lives, providing comfort, inspiration, and a glimpse into the beauty of existence. Music speaks truths beyond language and logic through its melodies and harmonies, inviting us to listen deeply and embrace the symphony of life with open hearts and receptive souls.

Footnote:

1. Weisenberg, Joey. The Torah of Music: A Guide to Jewish Spiritual Practice Through Music. 2021.

Amid the ongoing challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, the vast amount of information from various sources can feel overwhelming. However, this sense of information overload is not new; it has been part of the human experience for centuries.

Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks compared the Jewish community’s efforts to document their oral traditions after the destruction of the Second Temple to our current struggles with the sheer volume of digital information. Just as ancient Talmudic scholars sought clarity amid chaos, we, too, strive for understanding today. By blending ancient wisdom with modern tools, we can effectively navigate the complexities of our time.

Time, Technology, and Community

The Talmud is a vast compilation of Jewish law, ethics, philosophy, and folklore that was created through the collaborative efforts of many scholars across different periods and geographical locations. It is organized into six sections covering various topics and reflects the voices of both elites and commoners.

I first studied the Talmud during a Jewish history course at Hebrew University, and I’ve revisited it periodically since then. Each page covers a wide range of subjects, which showcases the depth of Jewish thought.

During the pandemic, I’ve been attending a weekly Talmud class with my niece, Ilana Fodiman Silverman, who teaches from Israel to a global audience via Zoom. In our most recent class, we discussed the type of prayer that should follow a meal and who should or shouldn’t participate (Berakhot 47a). Ilana compared our Talmudic discussions to the imaginative world of Dr. Seuss, encouraging us to stretch our minds and explore various scenarios. Studying the Talmud can be overwhelming without guidance, similar to navigating the vast sea of knowledge on the internet today. Fortunately, thanks to technological advancements and the legacy of the late Rav Adin Steinsaltz, the Talmud is now more accessible than ever in English through his website, Steinsaltz Center. Additionally, various study groups meet on platforms like Zoom, ensuring no one embarks on this journey alone.

A Diverse Media Landscape

Amidst the noise of today’s media landscape, I find comfort in selected shows and articles that nourish my mind and soul. I rely on CBC Radio One, particularly the insightful discussions on IDEAS with Nahlah Ayed, which explore social issues, culture, geopolitics, and more. I also enjoy The Doc Project, Tapestry, Writers and Company, The Current, and q, each offering unique perspectives on the world.

Jewish media outlets such as The Tablet, Commentary, and The Jerusalem Post further enrich my spiritual quest. Aleph Beta and Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks’ Covenant and Conversation bridge the gap between ancient wisdom and modern understanding, deepening my faith and insight.

In the evenings, I watch PBS and CBS. I also attend Zoom classes with my Yeshiva Group Shiviti and participate in enlightening sessions hosted by notable figures in my community.

On weekends, I intentionally disconnect from the digital world, finding peace during Shabbat. I attend synagogue gatherings and share festive meals, drawing inspiration from Rabbi Sacks’ teachings and highlighting the harmony between science and spirituality.

Seeking Balance in Information

In a world overflowing with information, I actively seek knowledge, wisdom, and nourishment from various sources while grounding myself in timeless truths. The COVID-19 pandemic has inundated us with information. Just as ancient scholars managed oral traditions, we, too, must navigate this modern landscape with intention.

We can find balance in this chaotic world by exposing ourselves to diverse media that enrich our minds and souls and making time for timeless rituals that provide solace from digital overload. Let us embrace ancient wisdom that guides us while utilizing modern tools to foster understanding and connection.

The Fifth Commandment, “Thou shalt honour thy father and thy mother,” is a fundamental principle of ethical guidance in various cultures and traditions. It is based on the teachings of the Torah and highlights the significant value of respecting and treasuring our parents across generations.

First Teachers

Our journey into the world begins under the guidance of our parents, who are our first teachers. They impart invaluable wisdom and shape our understanding of life. My teacher, Yehudis Golshevsky, recently delivered a heartfelt talk on honouring one’s parents, coinciding with her father’s passing anniversary. In Jewish tradition, this moment, known as yahrtzeit, prompts reflections on the enduring impact of parental influence and the lessons gleaned from the Torah.

Emotional Complexity

Rebbetzin Golshevsky discusses the challenges of honouring one’s parents, as emphasized by the sages of the Talmud. This commandment can be complicated because we often have little control over the family and historical circumstances in which we are born. Many individuals may wish for a different upbringing or different parents.

According to Halacha, the real struggle of honouring parents lies within our thoughts and attitudes, requiring deep introspection. The medieval Jewish scholar Ibn Ezra stresses that feelings towards parents can remain intense and become consuming in adulthood. This emotional intensity may obscure the profound debt we owe to our biological parents, making it unfortunate that attaining the necessary insight to show proper respect often takes considerable time for many individuals.

Digital Tributes

During her talk, Rebbetzin Golshevsky shares the story of her journey with her father and the significant changes they went through together. She emphasizes how their relationship evolved over time. In a poignant moment, she talks about her father’s wish to have specific songs played at his yahrtzeit as he nears the end of his life. Little did he know that this commemoration would take place over Zoom during a pandemic. Surprisingly, his friend Michael, who was in Jerusalem, played his favourite songs on the piano – Gershwin’s “Autumn Leaves” and Ray Charles’s “You Don’t Know Me.” The musical tribute starts at the 45:14-minute mark, and you can view it here.

This year has been challenging, especially with the pandemic, but my family found comfort and strength through Zoom. We came together virtually to honour the yahrzeits of my beloved parents, Esther Edith (Z’l) and Eliezer Leslie (Z’l). This emotional gathering reminded us of their lasting influence and created a beautiful tapestry of memories and celebrations online.

In this space, we brought to life my parents’ vibrant spirits, shared cherished memories and stories, and ensured that their legacies continue to shine for generations. The next generation saw the remarkable individuals who shaped their journey through our stories.

Looking back, I remember my mother Esther Edith’s witty declaration during our Passover seders: “If not for me, none of you would be here!” She always said it with playful wisdom, filling the room with laughter and love. These virtual commemorations stand as monuments to their memory, offering a timeless way to preserve and pass down the essence of our family’s story to those who will tread the path after us.

Our parents are our first teachers, guiding us through the complexities of life. By showing reverence and appreciation towards them, we express our gratitude for their unwavering love and preserve the valuable lessons they have taught us. In doing so, we maintain the essence of our family’s heritage for generations to come.

Tonight begins Yom Kippur, the sacred Day of Atonement in Judaism. As we embark on this solemn journey, grappling with the concept of atonement may be difficult. Yom Kippur urges us to contemplate, repent, and ask for forgiveness. The rituals and traditions of this holy day raise questions about their significance.

On this sacred day, there are five prescribed abstentions:

1. Refrain from eating and drinking.
2. Avoid wearing leather shoes.
3. Abstain from bathing or washing.
4. Do not anoint oneself with perfumes or lotions.
5. Abstain from marital relations.

How do we interpret these abstentions?

Abstaining from routine activities such as eating, drinking, and social interactions holds symbolic significance within our spiritual practices. It allows us to seek a connection with the divine through sincere vulnerability. This state of being stripped down and solitary enables us to approach God authentically.

Fasting serves as a tangible expression of repentance and spiritual contemplation. Conversely, refraining from wearing leather shoes symbolizes humility before the divine. Additionally, abstaining from bathing, using perfumes or lotions, and engaging in marital relations underscores the prioritization of spiritual needs over physical comforts. Collectively, these abstentions create an atmosphere of solemnity, fostering deeper engagement in prayer and facilitating spiritual growth.

So, what is our directive?

During Yom Kippur, the Jewish community gathers in the synagogue to pray individually and connect with G-d. As a community, they confess their sins and seek forgiveness, even though G-d grants forgiveness individually. This forgiveness transforms a day of fear and solemnity into a festive occasion, as G-d establishes “at-one-ment” between humanity and Himself. In Hebrew, “Teshuva” signifies the annual opportunity to return to G-d by acknowledging one’s transgressions and seeking forgiveness. This is the essence of atonement.

Yom Kippur follows the model of the first day of G-d’s forgiveness when the Israelites received absolution for worshiping the golden calf in the desert while Moses ascended the mountain to receive the Heavenly Torah.

The Lord said to Moses: “I have seen these people, and they are indeed a stiff-necked people. Now leave Me alone so that My anger may burn against them and consume them. Then I will make you into a great nation.”

Footnote:

1. www.biblehub.com

Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year, takes us on a spiritual journey of tradition, introspection, and hope. In the synagogue, a four-hour ceremony unfolds, where the resounding blasts of the shofar—a hollowed-out ram’s horn—are sounded at key moments throughout the service. These powerful blasts create a sacred atmosphere filled with reverence and devotion, inviting participants to reflect on the past year and set intentions for the year ahead. However, conveying the joy and depth of this celebration to those unfamiliar with it can be a challenge.

As we immerse ourselves in these ancient prayers, which have endured for millennia, we discover deeper insights into the human condition. Rosh Hashanah encourages us to pause, seek blessings for the year ahead, and recognize the struggles we all face in life. This dual focus on hope and reality resonates not just individually but within our community, reminding us that we share this journey together.

Facing Uncertainty with Reverence

In a world of uncertainty, Rosh Hashanah serves as a reminder of life’s fragility, encapsulated in the ancient prayers reverberating through the sanctuary—a sacred space for reflection and connection. One particular prayer captures this profound tension:

“On Rosh Hashanah, it is inscribed, and on Yom Kippur, it is sealed – how many shall pass away and how many shall be born, who shall live and who shall die, who in good time, and who by an untimely death, who by water and who by fire, who by sword and who by wild beast, who by famine and who by thirst, who by earthquake and who by plague, who by strangulation and who by lapidation, who shall have rest and who wander, who shall be at peace and who pursued, who shall be serene and who tormented, who shall become impoverished and who wealthy, who shall be debased, and who exalted.”¹

Even as a child, the message of this prayer is hard to ignore. It speaks to the inevitable uncertainties we all face. Yet, the concluding lines offer a glimmer of hope amidst the tension:

“תשובה, תפילה וצדקה מעבירין את רוע הגזרה”
(Teshuva, tefillah, u-tzedakah ma’avirin et ro’ah ha-gzera) — “Repentance, prayer, and acts of charity can avert the severity of the decree.”²

Only through teshuva (repentance or self-correction), tefillah (prayer), and tzedakah (deeds of justice and charity) can we hope to mitigate the severity of G-d’s decree.

Turning Inward with Purpose

Rosh Hashanah also calls us to introspection. In his book One God Clapping, Rabbi Lew describes teshuva as a turning inward, a purposeful realignment of our perceptions. This is echoed in the shofar’s call, which reminds us to reflect on our actions before the divine.

“The essential act of the High Holidays is teshuva, a turning toward mindfulness, and the first step in this process is a kind of tuning in to examine our perceptive mechanisms. When the shofar blows, it reminds us to turn our gaze inward, to shift our focus from the outside world to the window through which we view this world. Teshuva, at this time of the year, is the opportunity to assess privately our own behaviour before G-d. The expression is that at this time, especially ‘G-d is in the field,’ i.e. accessible to us human beings.”³

Even during the pandemic, we gathered for communal worship in Montreal, adapting to the circumstances by shortening the service, wearing masks, and maintaining distance. Despite these changes, the significance of the moment remained profound. Rabbi Jonathan Sacks beautifully captures this sentiment in his reflections, emphasizing how our traditions endure even in challenging times, providing us joy and guidance.

“The various questionnaires and research exercises that have been done recently on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on people’s lives came up with an unusual finding… People can’t plan for the future. They can’t know what tomorrow is going to bring… And that is undermining their sense of security.”⁴

Finding Strength in Uncertain Times

The pandemic has created widespread insecurity, casting a shadow of uncertainty over our daily lives. However, Rabbi Sacks reminds us of “bitachon,” the Jewish concept of intertwining faith with security, which has been a source of resilience for thousands of years. From Abraham’s journey into the unknown to our present-day struggles, faith has guided us through uncertainty.

“So, the question I simply want to ask these Yamim Noraim, on these Days of Awe, is, ‘How do we deal with insecurity?’ And the answer is contained, or at least the Jewish answer is contained, in that one word, ‘bitachon’ – the word that means security on the one hand and faith on the other.

How do you cope with insecurity? By faith. That has been the Jewish experience for almost 4,000 years. Judaism is about insecurity in a way, perhaps that no other religion is, and Jews have experienced insecurity in a way no other people have. The Jewish story begins with Abraham and Sarah just hearing a voice, calling them away from their family and their birthplace to a land that they did not know… They are traveling to an unknown destination; they are traveling blind.

As I’ve argued many times, in Judaism, faith is not certainty. Faith is the courage to live with uncertainty.”⁵

The Essence of Jewish Resilience

This is the essence of the Days of Awe. Rosh Hashanah reminds us of the cyclical nature of life, inviting us to explore our humanity’s depths and emerge renewed and resilient. Rabbi Sacks’ wisdom calls on us to navigate life’s uncertainties with faith, guiding us toward growth and spiritual connection.

Whether we gather in person or virtually, let us embrace these teachings with reverence and joy. May they usher in a year filled with health, prosperity, and blessings of peace.

Footnote:

1. Unetaneh Tokef. Siddur: Prayer Book for Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, Jewish Virtual Library, 2021, https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/unetaneh-tokef.
2. “Teshuvah, Tefillah, Tzedakah.” Chabad.org, https://www.chabad.org/therebbe/article_cdo/aid/2301372/jewish/Teshuvah-Tefillah-Tzedakah.htm.
3. Lew, Rabbi. One God Clapping: The Spiritual Path of a Zen Rabbi. Goodreads, https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/308109.One_God_Clapping.
4. Sacks, Jonathan. Morality: Restoring the Common Good in Divided Times. Basic Books, 2020. Google Books, https://books.google.com/books?id=pZnfDwAAQBAJ.
5. Sacks, Jonathan. “The Days of Awe: A Jewish View of Faith and Insecurity.” The Rabbi Sacks Legacy Trust, 2020, www.rabbisacks.org/the-days-of-awe-a-jewish-view-of-faith-and-insecurity/.

We have all pondered the profound questions that arise when we reflect on the past:

Where was God? How did they survive? How did they endure it all?

My mother, who survived the war in Budapest, always said that every person who emerged from those trying times was nothing short of a miracle.

In 2015, while screening my documentary film “Yiddish: A Tale of Survival” in Ottawa, I had the pleasure of meeting Chazzan Moshe Kraus and his wife, Rivka. While visiting their home, which overlooked the Rideau Canal, I noticed a framed black and white photograph hanging on the wall. The picture featured a man dressed in a long black coat, black hat, and side curls, along with a little boy dressed similarly. The frame also included a small picture of Reb Shayele of Keresztur, Hungary, a well-known figure for his kind and compassionate care for anyone who sought refuge at his door. This caught my attention and piqued my interest.

Reb Shayele, a part of my mother’s memories from Tokay, was a legendary force in Hungary, offering care, shelter, and advice to all, regardless of faith. Moshe explained that the figures in the photograph were him and his father, taken before the war, with Reb Shayele being his grandfather.

As I read Moshe’s memoir, “The Life of Moshele Der Zinger: How My Singing Saved My Life,” and other historical accounts, it became clear that Moshe’s life is a microcosm of a much larger narrative. It is the story of ordinary people facing the storm, a tale of spiritual resilience in extraordinary circumstances – stories I am eager to share.

Moshe’s life, from birth to the present, includes singing at Hassidic courts throughout Europe, becoming the chazzan in Sziget and Budapest, surviving Hungarian slave labour and Bergen Belson, working for the rabbinic services of the Joint Distribution Committee, and eventually settling in Ottawa. Significant moments in his memoir include:

• Moshe used his voice and musical abilities to lift the spirits of prisoners in slave labour and Bergen Belson concentration camps.
• During the war, he was enlisted by Kramer, the commandant of Auschwitz and Bergen Belson, to sing German opera and later requested to be present at Kramer’s hanging after the war.
• He officiated numerous marriages while serving with the Rabbinic services in displaced person camps.
• He reconnected with his Hassidic roots under the guidance of the Klausenberger Rebbe and used his voice and character to serve Jewish people worldwide.

By exploring Chazzan Moshe Kraus’ remarkable life, we discover a story of personal triumph and a testament to the tenacious human spirit. Through his singing, service, and unwavering faith, Moshe Kraus exemplifies the power of the human spirit to overcome and persevere.

Rabbi Chaim Steinmetz’s transition from his role as the spiritual leader of Congregation Tifereth Beth David Jerusalem (TBDJ) in Montreal to his current position at Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun (KJ) on Manhattan’s Upper East Side marks a significant chapter in his personal and spiritual journey. This move reflects a change in location and an evolution in his mission to inspire and guide his community.

Rabbi Steinmetz has delivered powerful sermons that resonate deeply with his audience throughout his tenure at both congregations. His addresses cover many topics that foster self-awareness, resilience, and a deeper understanding of our Jewish heritage. For instance, in “When a Fossil Comes to Life,” he artfully connects historical events to personal growth, urging us to embrace change and transformation. His discourse on “Never Underestimate Hatred” serves as a timely reminder of the importance of confronting prejudice. At the same time, “Yizkor and Yom HaShoah: Between Past and Present” draws vital connections between memory and communal responsibility.

As someone who has had the privilege of archiving his teachings, I’ve witnessed firsthand the profound wisdom in his words. I have documented his six-minute talks over the years, which concisely and engagingly encapsulate his insights. Some of these talks include:

• A Joke That Has Legs
• Are You Addicted to Being Right?
• How to Keep Failure from Becoming a Defeat, Rosh Hashanah 2011
• The Power of Questions: Rabbi Steinmetz
• Life has no Easy Button

Rabbi Steinmetz’s transition from TBDJ to KJ has been marked by profound insights and impactful discourses that have inspired his community. His commitment to guiding others through Jewish history and contemporary challenges reflects a deep dedication to meaningful dialogue.

The diverse topics he addresses have resonated with many individuals. Have you felt the impact of Rabbi Steinmetz’s teachings? They serve as a beacon of hope, embodying a legacy of compassion and truth. His teachings leave a lasting impression, encouraging appreciation and reflection within the community. Rabbi Steinmetz’s journey illustrates how the power of words can inspire change and strengthen our connection to faith and community.

KlezKanada, a unique annual celebration of Jewish and Yiddish culture, takes place in the picturesque Quebec region. Set against the stunning backdrop of Camp B’nai Brith in the Laurentian Mountains, this event draws a diverse crowd of musicians, Yiddish enthusiasts, Jews, and non-Jews alike. This weeklong festival offers a vibrant mix of inter-generational festivities, allowing attendees to immerse themselves in Jewish and Yiddish culture through song, dance, and various cultural experiences.

A Melting Pot of Culture and Diversity

This diversity is reflected in the people who attend and the myriad activities that make up the festival. From fascinating lectures on Jewish history and Yiddish culture to musical performances featuring seasoned artists and emerging talent, there truly is something for everyone. This year, I had the chance to attend insightful talks and enjoy live performances by artists from around the world, all coming together to share their talents and celebrate our rich heritage.

KlezKanada’s Role in Preserving Jewish Heritage

Beyond being a celebration, KlezKanada plays a crucial role in preserving and advancing Jewish heritage, with a special focus on klezmer music and the Yiddish language. By connecting musicians, scholars, and enthusiasts worldwide, the organization ensures that these cherished traditions are sustained and passed down to future generations. The festival offers workshops and performances that highlight the cultural significance of klezmer and Yiddish, making it an educational platform. The creative expression encouraged here is inspiring and important in fostering intergenerational exchange, making KlezKanada a vibrant hub for Jewish cultural heritage.

Capturing the Spirit of KlezKanada

I’ve included some photos below that capture the vibrant energy of the KlezKanada festival and its rich cultural experiences. The spirit of KlezKanada comes alive through the music, the conversations, and the sense of community that grows each year. These photos invite you to share the joy and connection that makes KlezKanada so special.

(Photographer: Chris Zacchia)

Footnote

1. KlezKanada, www.klezkanada.org.

Joel Yan, a Jewish spiritual leader, and I were returning home from a week-long retreat. Little did we know that our journey would come to a halt on a scorching Sunday afternoon when our car stalled on the roadside. As we stood there, feeling lost and helpless amidst the tranquil landscapes of New Hampshire, we were suddenly surrounded by the warmth and generosity of strangers in the small town of Winchester. What happened next was nothing short of remarkable – a display of compassion that left us both awestruck. This unexpected turn of events showed us how much kindness still exists in the world, and we’ll never forget it.

To our surprise, people began stopping by to offer help almost immediately. First, a kind woman named Katherine Stewart pulled over and gave Joel her phone number, insisting we call her if needed. Shortly after Katherine’s offer, others started showing up, each with their unique way of lending a hand. A man in a pickup truck shared his experience with a similar car issue and offered to diagnose the problem for us.

While waiting, Bruce and his wife pulled up in their pickup truck and invited us to their place for a cold drink or a rest. As they did, another person drove by in a jeep, proudly displaying a small American flag, showing us that kindness was always in motion in this town.

To pass the time, Joel pulled out his guitar, and soon enough, the quiet roadside felt a little less lonely. The music drew in yet another kind of stranger. A man named Norm rode up on his bike, balancing a broken air conditioner, and joined us for a while. It was incredible to see how many people were willing to stop and help.

At a nearby Mobil gas station, the attendant let us charge our phones and use the restroom while we waited. After what felt like hours, the AAA truck finally approached, and it seemed like our ordeal was nearing its end. The driver assured us that the car was safe to drive once we got it into gear, saving us from needing a tow.

But the real hero of the day was Ralph Scott Britton, a motorbike rider who came to our aid and stayed with us for over 3.5 hours. Scott helped diagnose the issue, pushed our car off the road, and remained until the AAA truck arrived. As if that wasn’t enough, he escorted us to Keene to ensure our safety and even taught Joel how to manually switch the gears under the hood before sending us on our way. He refused compensation and simply asked us to pay it forward by helping others in need.

We safely made it to Vermont, Montreal, and Ottawa, thanks to Scott and the many kind people we encountered. Our friends in Vermont even provided us with a place to stay for the night. We are so grateful for the generosity we experienced in the small town of Winchester. We hope to pass it on by sharing our story and inspiring others with the same compassion that sustained us.

Experiences like this remind us that kindness still thrives in a world that sometimes feels disconnected. People like Scott and the others we met didn’t just lend a hand—they restored our faith in the power of community. Their actions showed us that even small gestures can make a lasting impact. Let’s take their example to heart, and when the opportunity arises, be the kind of person who steps up, making a difference when it matters most.

The Canadian Institute for Jewish Research (CIJR) recently hosted a colloquium that brought together experts to discuss a pressing global issue: Iran’s growing influence and its implications for Israel’s security. Speakers, including professors Frederick Krantz, Harold Waller, and Norrin Ripsman, delved into key challenges facing the Middle East today—specifically Iran’s nuclear ambitions, regional conflicts, and geopolitical shifts after the “Arab Spring.” While the focus was on Israel’s security, the discussions made it clear that Iran’s influence has far-reaching consequences for global stability. Rabbi Yonah Rosner also contributed by weaving in a reflection on the Jewish holiday of Purim, drawing fascinating parallels between the ancient story and modern-day issues.

Iran’s growing power has been a longstanding concern for Israel, but its relevance extends far beyond just one country. The conversation at the colloquium focused on these complexities and the importance of international efforts to address them.

To explore these issues further, Rabbi Rosner drew on a historical parallel from Jewish tradition—the Purim story commemorating a time when the Jewish people faced existential danger in ancient Persia (modern-day Iran). During Purim, Jews remember how Queen Esther and her uncle Mordechai took courageous steps to save their people from destruction. Though rooted in Jewish tradition, this story reflects a universal theme of standing up against threats and oppression. Rabbi Rosner emphasized the importance of memory—not only for Jews but for anyone reflecting on the lessons of history. He drew a parallel between ancient Persia’s dangers and modern Iran’s current threat, reminding us that vigilance is crucial when facing real threats to peace and security.

The message of unity and action, as told in the Purim story, is not limited to the Jewish experience. Throughout history, nations and communities have faced challenges that required solidarity and decisive leadership. Professor Krantz underscored this point by highlighting the critical role of Israel’s leaders, particularly Prime Minister Netanyahu, in safeguarding not just Israel’s citizens but also the Jewish people worldwide. Just as Queen Esther called for unity among her people, the colloquium stressed the need for international collaboration to address today’s security threats.

Rabbi Rosner also pointed out an important aspect of the Purim story—there is no direct divine intervention. Instead, the narrative emphasizes human action, individual courage, and leadership. This concept transcends religious boundaries and reflects the reality that many crises throughout history have been met with human resilience and determination rather than waiting for miracles. It serves as a reminder of the responsibility of leaders and ordinary people when confronting danger.

In addition to these serious reflections, the Purim tradition brings a sense of lightness and joy. Jews worldwide read the Megillah (the scroll telling the story of Esther) and participate in playful theatrical performances called Purimshpiels. One Yiddish saying, “Man plans and God laughs,” captures the irony and unpredictability of life—a theme that can resonate with people from all walks of life. We may not always control the world’s events, but we can choose how we respond.

The colloquium’s discussion became even more timely as President Obama prepared to address the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) the following day. The importance of decisive leadership was echoed in this context, where global security and Iran’s threat were expected to take center stage. Some speakers noted the similarities between today’s world leaders and King Ahashverosh from the Purim story, a ruler whose indecisiveness endangered his people. This historical parallel offers a valuable lens through which to view the necessity for robust and transparent leadership in the face of modern threats.

As we reflect on the Iranian question and its impact on global security, the core messages of the Purim story—unity, vigilance, and leadership—remain relevant to everyone, regardless of background. Remembering and responding to past and present threats is essential for ensuring a safer, more stable future for all.

Wishing everyone a safe and thoughtful Purim.

A few weeks ago, on August 23, 2010, I attended and filmed a conference organized by the Canadian Institute for Jewish Research (CIJR) in Montreal. Rabbi Abraham Cooper of the Wiesenthal Center gave the lunchtime address, acknowledging the intellectual giants presenting that day, such as Professor Wistrich of Hebrew University and Professor Small of Yale University. Instead of engaging in heavy intellectual discourse, Rabbi Cooper shared three impactful incidents from his travels, one of which resonates deeply as we approach our annual Yom Kippur observance.

Rabbi Cooper recounted his extensive international travels, where he met with government officials, the Pope, and the public on issues concerning the Jewish people. During a trip to Japan, he aimed to educate others about The Protocols of the Elders of Zion and stop its publication. However, Rabbi Cooper encountered an unexpected moment. After speaking to a group of Japanese businessmen, he asked if there were any questions. To his surprise, one CEO stood up and asked, “Rabbi Cooper, we now understand that Jews don’t gather to plan world conspiracies and financial domination in their synagogue, but can you tell us what Jews do in a synagogue? Do Jews pray?” This question struck a chord with him, especially as Jews were preparing for their annual twenty-five-hour fast and prayer.

How do you convey the essence of a five-thousand-year tradition while standing on one leg?

For now, I will refer you to Beliefnet’s website for a hands-on explanation of the key elements of Yom Kippur and a description of the actual service. More profoundly, how does one share a tradition that has evolved through the generations while remaining loyal to both the past and the future?

On September 10, 2009, I attended a webinar with Rabbi Irving Yitzchak Greenberg discussing the Yom Kippur prayer service. Rabbi Greenberg and Rabbi Kimmelman explained how the Yom Kippur rituals are not only about the individual Jew but also about the community and all nations. The prayers are carefully crafted to seek peace for individuals and all people in the universe, to be realized under the rule of law, truth, and justice. These are not just empty words but a guideline for achieving harmony.

The fantastic thing about our tradition is that it has been evolving for five thousand years while maintaining its loyalty to the past, the present, and hopes for the future.

The main refrain on Yom Kippur is “Tshuva, tefillah, and tzedaka, maavirin et roah hagzera.” I say this in Hebrew transliteration because each word carries multilayered meanings that are powerful and significant, making them challenging to translate. Let me break it down: tshuva means returning to our sources, tefillah is prayer, and tzedaka refers to performing just acts. Together, these practices hold the power to mollify negative outcomes.

As we enter Yom Kippur, I invite everyone to reflect on the significance of our traditions and the communal aspect of our prayers. Let’s all pray for the teshuva (improved behaviour) of every Jew, every human being, every government, and all peoples in the universe. Even a slight improvement in each individual’s awareness and behaviour can significantly impact us all.

Gmar tov: This traditional greeting at the end of Yom Kippur wishes that our prayers be fulfilled for good in the coming year and throughout our lifetimes.

Shana tova u’metukah. Wishing you a kind and sweet year ahead.